1 00:00:00,506 --> 00:00:06,676 [ Silence ] 2 00:00:07,176 --> 00:00:07,496 >> All right. 3 00:00:07,496 --> 00:00:09,796 So welcome back to Computer Science S-76. 4 00:00:09,796 --> 00:00:12,216 This is the last time we'll meet in this more formal setting. 5 00:00:12,216 --> 00:00:15,136 Recall that next Wednesday is our app party at which point all 6 00:00:15,136 --> 00:00:16,526 of your projects will be more 7 00:00:16,766 --> 00:00:19,026 than several days done most likely and we'll gather 8 00:00:19,026 --> 00:00:21,616 in the lab room and we'll have some cake and some snacks 9 00:00:21,616 --> 00:00:24,176 and some chitchat, and the goal will be to bring your app, 10 00:00:24,176 --> 00:00:25,776 to bring your laptop as appropriate 11 00:00:25,946 --> 00:00:27,766 and actually demonstrate what you did not only 12 00:00:27,766 --> 00:00:30,736 for your last project, but maybe your first project or two 13 00:00:30,736 --> 00:00:33,036 as well, particularly if you took novel approach 14 00:00:33,036 --> 00:00:35,686 to the user interface or generally just want to show off. 15 00:00:35,766 --> 00:00:38,016 So tonight, we wrap up our look at iOS, 16 00:00:38,226 --> 00:00:39,896 but first, a couple of things. 17 00:00:40,066 --> 00:00:44,266 You know that we've had a team of folks behind the scenes here 18 00:00:44,266 --> 00:00:46,976 and in front of the camera, namely Chris, and RJ, and Rob. 19 00:00:46,976 --> 00:00:49,096 So I just wanted to publicly thank them for all 20 00:00:49,096 --> 00:00:50,316 of their efforts thus far. 21 00:00:50,716 --> 00:00:50,976 Thank you. 22 00:00:51,451 --> 00:00:53,451 [ Applause ] 23 00:00:53,886 --> 00:00:56,396 And also to folks you haven't probably met in person, 24 00:00:56,396 --> 00:00:58,966 but Shelley and Ramone and Dan who've been running things 25 00:00:58,966 --> 00:00:59,856 behind the scenes. 26 00:00:59,856 --> 00:01:00,696 So thank you to them as well. 27 00:01:01,181 --> 00:01:03,181 [ Applause ] 28 00:01:03,346 --> 00:01:06,676 Just in case you would like to relive this summer experience 29 00:01:06,676 --> 00:01:10,946 and realize that the videos will remain online at CS76.tv 30 00:01:10,946 --> 00:01:14,086 for the next few years most likely, for better or for worse. 31 00:01:14,086 --> 00:01:16,726 So, if after the class ends and you're back in school or back 32 00:01:16,726 --> 00:01:19,426 at work, you'd like to at least review material or pull up PDFs, 33 00:01:19,426 --> 00:01:21,656 or sample code of the like, I know that that will continue 34 00:01:21,656 --> 00:01:22,906 to survive on the internet. 35 00:01:22,986 --> 00:01:24,456 So feel free to tune in there. 36 00:01:24,546 --> 00:01:28,466 So a couple of outstanding details here. 37 00:01:28,726 --> 00:01:31,146 So we started the semester looking and talking 38 00:01:31,146 --> 00:01:33,316 about web apps versus native apps. 39 00:01:33,666 --> 00:01:35,516 Someone want to recap in just a sentence 40 00:01:35,516 --> 00:01:37,696 or two what the distinction is and was? 41 00:01:38,516 --> 00:01:41,696 [ Pause ] 42 00:01:42,196 --> 00:01:43,546 Five weeks later? 43 00:01:45,026 --> 00:01:46,396 What's a difference? 44 00:01:46,626 --> 00:01:48,586 >> So the web apps are much more portable, 45 00:01:49,046 --> 00:01:50,466 you can them across browsers. 46 00:01:50,466 --> 00:01:50,866 >> OK. Good. 47 00:01:50,866 --> 00:01:52,196 So web apps are much more portable, 48 00:01:52,196 --> 00:01:53,776 you can use them across browsers. 49 00:01:53,976 --> 00:01:56,026 >> You can get access and also use special tools [inaudible] 50 00:01:56,026 --> 00:01:56,496 numbers and-- 51 00:01:57,956 --> 00:01:58,476 >> OK. Good. 52 00:01:58,896 --> 00:02:01,346 But certain special hardware is typically inaccessible to you. 53 00:02:01,346 --> 00:02:03,926 Things like the accelerometer for which browsers like Safari 54 00:02:03,926 --> 00:02:06,916 and the like don't necessarily provide an API 2. 55 00:02:07,246 --> 00:02:08,616 Good. Other thoughts? 56 00:02:08,956 --> 00:02:13,746 >> Native apps run natively on the iOS whereas web apps have 57 00:02:14,366 --> 00:02:17,636 to be downloaded via HTTP [inaudible]-- 58 00:02:17,636 --> 00:02:19,926 >> OK. So web apps do have to be downloaded via HTTP 59 00:02:19,926 --> 00:02:23,096 in the context of the browser before they can actually be run, 60 00:02:23,156 --> 00:02:25,326 but you kind of give us a circular definition before. 61 00:02:25,326 --> 00:02:26,726 What does it mean for native apps to be native? 62 00:02:27,816 --> 00:02:32,406 >> Native apps are a [inaudible] the iOS and so you do not have 63 00:02:32,406 --> 00:02:33,646 to retrieve with it some others source. 64 00:02:34,076 --> 00:02:34,576 >> OK. Good. 65 00:02:34,576 --> 00:02:36,466 So you don't have to retrieve them from other source other 66 00:02:36,466 --> 00:02:38,696 than the first time installation from the App Store 67 00:02:38,696 --> 00:02:40,626 which is another compelling feature perhaps, 68 00:02:40,626 --> 00:02:42,646 most people know how to find apps in the App Store, 69 00:02:42,646 --> 00:02:44,486 but most people probably you don't know how 70 00:02:44,486 --> 00:02:47,196 to actually bookmark a web page so that it appears 71 00:02:47,196 --> 00:02:49,496 to be an application which was a technique we looked 72 00:02:49,496 --> 00:02:50,836 at way back early on. 73 00:02:51,086 --> 00:02:52,996 So if you had to choose right now for your third 74 00:02:52,996 --> 00:02:54,576 and final project which you do, 75 00:02:54,876 --> 00:02:57,476 how many folks are leaning toward or already 76 00:02:57,666 --> 00:02:59,856 down the road of web apps? 77 00:03:00,866 --> 00:03:04,376 OK. So, handful six or so-- and the native apps? 78 00:03:05,076 --> 00:03:06,486 OK. And most everyone else. 79 00:03:06,486 --> 00:03:07,116 So not better at all. 80 00:03:07,116 --> 00:03:10,656 So we have a good mix of at least both at that class. 81 00:03:10,816 --> 00:03:13,376 So, all right, so that was web apps versus native apps. 82 00:03:13,376 --> 00:03:15,666 What if you didn't necessarily have to choose 83 00:03:15,896 --> 00:03:17,766 between two [inaudible] contrast? 84 00:03:17,766 --> 00:03:20,186 Well, it turns out that there are wrappers 85 00:03:20,186 --> 00:03:22,266 and the most popular of which is probably something called 86 00:03:22,266 --> 00:03:25,186 PhoneGap which allows you to write web apps 87 00:03:25,186 --> 00:03:27,936 that create the illusion of them actually being native apps. 88 00:03:27,936 --> 00:03:30,676 And by this, I mean, you go to PhoneGaps website 89 00:03:30,676 --> 00:03:32,456 and you download what kinds-- 90 00:03:32,456 --> 00:03:35,006 what essentially is a starter code that they have written 91 00:03:35,006 --> 00:03:39,356 for Objective-C, for Java, for Windows Phone, for a whole bunch 92 00:03:39,356 --> 00:03:41,856 of other platforms as well and they've implemented 93 00:03:41,856 --> 00:03:44,556 in different ways and each of those languages hooks 94 00:03:44,626 --> 00:03:46,286 into the native hardware. 95 00:03:46,456 --> 00:03:50,096 And then I have exposed that via JavaScript to WebCode. 96 00:03:50,096 --> 00:03:53,596 So in short, you couldn't theory implement an application 97 00:03:53,596 --> 00:03:56,226 entirely in HTML5, CSS, and JavaScript, 98 00:03:56,556 --> 00:03:59,616 but you can actually ship it to the Apple App Store 99 00:03:59,616 --> 00:04:02,476 and the user could download it and it would have an icon, 100 00:04:02,476 --> 00:04:04,206 and they would have gotten it for free or 99 cents, 101 00:04:04,206 --> 00:04:05,096 whatever the case may be. 102 00:04:05,246 --> 00:04:08,566 And when they run it, it's actually native iOS code running 103 00:04:08,566 --> 00:04:10,566 on the phone, but the contents 104 00:04:10,566 --> 00:04:12,776 of the rectangular window are largely coming 105 00:04:12,776 --> 00:04:14,696 from some website externally. 106 00:04:14,696 --> 00:04:16,736 In fact, this is how the earliest version 107 00:04:16,736 --> 00:04:18,816 of the Facebook application was written. 108 00:04:18,816 --> 00:04:20,926 Some of you might recall that it used to be much slower, 109 00:04:21,166 --> 00:04:23,226 which is actually a downside of taking that approach. 110 00:04:23,226 --> 00:04:25,986 You don't necessarily get the same lack of latency 111 00:04:25,986 --> 00:04:30,436 that you might in an iOS native application, but the upside is, 112 00:04:30,436 --> 00:04:33,046 one, you don't have to learn Objective-C and iOS. 113 00:04:33,296 --> 00:04:36,976 Two, you have access to tools and more familiar environments 114 00:04:36,976 --> 00:04:38,756 which for most people is web-based these days. 115 00:04:39,066 --> 00:04:42,846 And three, I'm kind of out of reason, so two. 116 00:04:42,846 --> 00:04:44,216 So we have two pretty compelling reasons. 117 00:04:44,216 --> 00:04:45,446 So how do you go about doing this? 118 00:04:45,446 --> 00:04:47,286 Well, technologically, this is actually implemented 119 00:04:47,286 --> 00:04:48,276 in kind of a clever way. 120 00:04:48,276 --> 00:04:49,456 So first and foremost, 121 00:04:49,456 --> 00:04:52,536 this technique using PhoneGap actually gives you access 122 00:04:52,536 --> 00:04:54,816 to quite a bit of hardware and contrast 123 00:04:54,816 --> 00:04:57,136 to what we proposed was the case a few weeks back. 124 00:04:57,306 --> 00:05:01,376 So, all of the green boxes here represent a native hardware 125 00:05:01,376 --> 00:05:04,306 that is supported on Android, BlackBerry, iOS, Windows Phone, 126 00:05:04,306 --> 00:05:07,606 and so forth, things like the accelerometer, the camera, 127 00:05:07,606 --> 00:05:09,446 the compass, and other details 128 00:05:09,446 --> 00:05:11,606 that are typically inaccessible to JavaScript. 129 00:05:11,846 --> 00:05:14,436 But by downloading this starter code which is native, 130 00:05:14,806 --> 00:05:16,666 you're therefore providing a bridge of sorts 131 00:05:16,666 --> 00:05:18,716 between native code and JavaScript code. 132 00:05:18,716 --> 00:05:21,156 And the means by which they did this in the iOS platform, 133 00:05:21,156 --> 00:05:22,176 though it differs on others, 134 00:05:22,566 --> 00:05:26,356 is the PhoneGap folks essentially register 135 00:05:26,666 --> 00:05:29,286 with their iOS native application URLs 136 00:05:29,286 --> 00:05:32,586 of the form gap, colon, slash, slash, and then something 137 00:05:32,586 --> 00:05:34,936 and they essentially have an MBC style approach here 138 00:05:34,936 --> 00:05:38,636 where you can then specify as part of this URL a class name, 139 00:05:38,836 --> 00:05:41,096 and a command, or a method to actually call, 140 00:05:41,306 --> 00:05:43,246 and then some number of arguments. 141 00:05:43,246 --> 00:05:46,006 So in another words, they kind of made up their own sort 142 00:05:46,006 --> 00:05:52,866 of protocol by teaching iOS to handle URLs that appear inside 143 00:05:52,866 --> 00:05:56,166 of a browser window via code that they've written. 144 00:05:56,336 --> 00:05:59,406 So it turns out there's a protocol called 145 00:05:59,406 --> 00:06:00,816 the UIWebViewDelegate. 146 00:06:00,816 --> 00:06:04,756 And if you implement this, you can actually be the code 147 00:06:05,016 --> 00:06:09,686 that is invoked when an otherwise foreign URL is used 148 00:06:09,686 --> 00:06:11,656 in the confines of an embedded web browser. 149 00:06:11,656 --> 00:06:13,066 And indeed, that's how PhoneGap works. 150 00:06:13,066 --> 00:06:15,716 You write WebCode that you therefore embed inside 151 00:06:15,716 --> 00:06:18,846 of a rectangular window that's just an embedded web browser 152 00:06:19,026 --> 00:06:20,846 and if you want to talk to the native hardware, 153 00:06:21,056 --> 00:06:24,386 you essentially do this by way of the URL bar. 154 00:06:24,616 --> 00:06:26,116 So this delegate class allows you 155 00:06:26,116 --> 00:06:28,126 to specify what codes should get invoked 156 00:06:28,196 --> 00:06:31,396 when the embedded browser window sees a URL that start 157 00:06:31,396 --> 00:06:33,776 with gap, colon, slash, slash. 158 00:06:33,776 --> 00:06:36,776 And meanwhile, there's also a UIWebView. 159 00:06:36,806 --> 00:06:37,516 This is the class. 160 00:06:37,726 --> 00:06:40,146 So even if you've not used it before, it allows an iOS code 161 00:06:40,146 --> 00:06:43,776 to embed a browser inside of your own native app and it turns 162 00:06:43,776 --> 00:06:46,196 out there's a method associated with this class called string 163 00:06:46,196 --> 00:06:49,896 by evaluating JavaScript from string which means 164 00:06:49,896 --> 00:06:54,216 that your code can be injected into the local browser 165 00:06:54,386 --> 00:06:56,846 and then executed by way of this method. 166 00:06:57,016 --> 00:06:59,336 So in short, this provides a bridge of sorts 167 00:06:59,336 --> 00:07:02,416 between native iOS code and the browser by way 168 00:07:02,466 --> 00:07:04,296 of this URL-based trick. 169 00:07:04,296 --> 00:07:08,806 And there's one other step to this whereby-- 170 00:07:10,306 --> 00:07:12,536 or rather in other operating systems, 171 00:07:12,536 --> 00:07:14,046 this is done a little bit differently. 172 00:07:14,046 --> 00:07:16,526 But I'm sure Apple provided enough in the way of hooking 173 00:07:16,696 --> 00:07:18,956 that folks like PhoneGap are able to come along and allow you 174 00:07:18,956 --> 00:07:20,016 to implement your next app 175 00:07:20,526 --> 00:07:23,726 as really a web app underneath the hood, 176 00:07:23,726 --> 00:07:25,676 composed almost entirely of JavaScript with a bit 177 00:07:25,676 --> 00:07:28,186 of Objective-C that some other folks have written. 178 00:07:28,186 --> 00:07:29,456 So I would consider that perhaps 179 00:07:29,456 --> 00:07:31,806 for your next project well beyond courses 180 00:07:31,806 --> 00:07:33,986 if that's of interest. 181 00:07:36,316 --> 00:07:37,026 Questions? 182 00:07:38,336 --> 00:07:38,606 All right. 183 00:07:38,606 --> 00:07:39,686 Well, what about provisioning? 184 00:07:39,766 --> 00:07:41,006 Sadly, some of you have struggled 185 00:07:41,036 --> 00:07:43,716 with this this past week because you may know a hacker 186 00:07:43,716 --> 00:07:49,796 or some prosecuted white-hat type person found some 187 00:07:49,796 --> 00:07:51,966 vulnerabilities in Apple's developer portal. 188 00:07:52,006 --> 00:07:53,766 The result of which is that he was able 189 00:07:53,766 --> 00:07:56,176 to compromise supposedly a whole bunch of names 190 00:07:56,176 --> 00:07:57,676 and e-mail addresses of all of us 191 00:07:57,676 --> 00:08:00,516 who have [inaudible] registered for the iOS developer portal. 192 00:08:00,746 --> 00:08:02,546 And to my knowledge, this was the first time 193 00:08:02,546 --> 00:08:06,176 that Apple proceeded to take the entire thing offline for, 194 00:08:06,176 --> 00:08:09,516 I think, over a week which is wonderfully [inaudible] time 195 00:08:09,516 --> 00:08:10,566 for someone likes us. 196 00:08:10,566 --> 00:08:12,706 So, apologies to those of you who have struggled with this, 197 00:08:12,736 --> 00:08:15,246 but this means now that that thing is starting 198 00:08:15,246 --> 00:08:18,416 to comeback online, you can, in fact, provision your device 199 00:08:18,416 --> 00:08:20,436 to run software written by you. 200 00:08:20,436 --> 00:08:23,466 So if you have an iOS device, iPhone, iPad, or iPod, 201 00:08:23,526 --> 00:08:27,126 you can eventually, if not already, go to URL like this, 202 00:08:27,126 --> 00:08:29,216 follow the online documentation, and frankly, 203 00:08:29,396 --> 00:08:31,386 this is one of the biggest headaches of iOS development. 204 00:08:31,386 --> 00:08:35,136 Just getting your damn code onto your own phone, it's not nearly 205 00:08:35,136 --> 00:08:37,126 as simple as it is in the Android world 206 00:08:37,126 --> 00:08:39,516 or in other platforms because you essentially have 207 00:08:39,516 --> 00:08:43,316 to upload a public/private key pair or portion thereof 208 00:08:43,346 --> 00:08:45,906 to Apple, so as to register some cryptographic key 209 00:08:45,906 --> 00:08:48,326 with them then your code has to be digitally signed 210 00:08:48,326 --> 00:08:51,476 in such a way that it's allowed to run on your own phone even 211 00:08:51,476 --> 00:08:54,116 if you're doing all these at home with a USB cable 212 00:08:54,376 --> 00:08:56,606 and this costs you only 99 dollars a year 213 00:08:56,606 --> 00:08:57,326 for this privilege. 214 00:08:57,326 --> 00:08:59,696 So, long story short, this is a huge headache, 215 00:08:59,696 --> 00:09:02,736 and every time I go, it changes every year but you can kind 216 00:09:02,736 --> 00:09:04,106 of muscle through it with the documentation 217 00:09:04,106 --> 00:09:05,926 which has gotten better overtime, but the end result is 218 00:09:05,926 --> 00:09:08,136 that you can run the software on your own phone. 219 00:09:08,136 --> 00:09:09,626 If you want to distribute it to friends, 220 00:09:09,886 --> 00:09:13,336 you'll have to go buy a way of the App Store or there are ways 221 00:09:13,336 --> 00:09:15,016 over the air that you can distribute apps 222 00:09:15,016 --> 00:09:17,276 for testing's sake, and there's also for those of you 223 00:09:17,276 --> 00:09:20,036 who work professionally, there's an enterprise level account 224 00:09:20,036 --> 00:09:24,246 for 299 dollars a year, or 199 that allows you to share code 225 00:09:24,246 --> 00:09:26,966 that you've written other folks on the development team, 226 00:09:26,966 --> 00:09:29,036 which makes it a little easier to at least share 227 00:09:29,036 --> 00:09:31,256 and test software among each other. 228 00:09:31,706 --> 00:09:33,446 So, not a particularly fun process, 229 00:09:33,446 --> 00:09:35,926 but there is quite a sense of gratification, I think, 230 00:09:36,236 --> 00:09:39,456 once you've got in your own code working on your own phone. 231 00:09:39,456 --> 00:09:41,656 So, aspire to that perhaps for next week 232 00:09:41,656 --> 00:09:43,336 and realize you don't have to pay any of those fees. 233 00:09:43,576 --> 00:09:45,676 Assuming the member center as it's called as back up 234 00:09:45,676 --> 00:09:47,656 and running, we can provision your phone for you. 235 00:09:47,656 --> 00:09:50,686 You can fill up the form that's linked on the course's website, 236 00:09:51,446 --> 00:09:52,616 and in the specification, 237 00:09:52,616 --> 00:09:55,926 so that you can then use our academic account at least 238 00:09:55,926 --> 00:09:58,056 for the remaining couple of weeks of summer school. 239 00:09:58,056 --> 00:10:01,886 All right, so we're fortunate today to be joined by folks 240 00:10:01,886 --> 00:10:03,806 who will bring us two different perspectives 241 00:10:03,806 --> 00:10:05,976 on how Mobile Software Development can be done. 242 00:10:06,856 --> 00:10:09,366 First is Dan Armendariz who's a buddy of mine 243 00:10:09,366 --> 00:10:11,376 and also the former instructor of this course back 244 00:10:11,376 --> 00:10:14,656 in a day we doubled in both iOS as well as Android development. 245 00:10:14,906 --> 00:10:16,966 And Dan has come back from California to join us 246 00:10:16,966 --> 00:10:18,196 for an hour's chat this evening 247 00:10:18,196 --> 00:10:20,946 about how Android development compares and contrasts 248 00:10:20,946 --> 00:10:22,796 with Native iOS developments. 249 00:10:22,796 --> 00:10:25,066 We're also fortunate to be joined by a friend of ours 250 00:10:25,066 --> 00:10:27,306 from down the street at Microsoft NERD, 251 00:10:27,696 --> 00:10:29,836 New English Research & Development. 252 00:10:29,836 --> 00:10:32,036 Bob Familiar is joining us tonight to take a look 253 00:10:32,036 --> 00:10:34,306 at Windows Phone development and also some 254 00:10:34,306 --> 00:10:36,826 of the latest features in Windows 8. 255 00:10:36,956 --> 00:10:38,496 So those of you who've been following some 256 00:10:38,496 --> 00:10:40,216 of the progression of that operating system, 257 00:10:40,216 --> 00:10:44,416 even has a neat beta and demo for us take a look at. 258 00:10:44,416 --> 00:10:46,796 So without further ado, allow me to introduce Bob Familiar 259 00:10:46,796 --> 00:10:47,956 who will join us for the next hour. 260 00:10:48,136 --> 00:10:48,416 Bob. 261 00:10:48,416 --> 00:10:49,146 >> Thanks a lot, David. 262 00:10:49,146 --> 00:10:49,606 >> Thanks so much. 263 00:10:50,516 --> 00:10:52,516 [ Applause ] 264 00:10:53,016 --> 00:10:56,000 [ Pause ] 265 00:10:56,436 --> 00:10:57,586 >> So, good evening. 266 00:10:59,156 --> 00:11:01,446 First, I thank you for the opportunity 267 00:11:01,446 --> 00:11:06,816 to be here and to talk to you. 268 00:11:07,336 --> 00:11:09,486 As David said, my name is Bob Familiar. 269 00:11:09,486 --> 00:11:11,936 I'm the director of technical evangelism 270 00:11:11,936 --> 00:11:13,596 for Microsoft here in northeast. 271 00:11:14,216 --> 00:11:17,686 Myself and my team, we work with students 272 00:11:17,686 --> 00:11:19,076 and professional developers. 273 00:11:19,076 --> 00:11:23,666 We teach them how to build apps for Windows Phone, 274 00:11:23,666 --> 00:11:27,876 for Windows 8, leveraging our Cloud, Windows Azure, and, 275 00:11:27,916 --> 00:11:34,176 you know, we do that through activities that we do online, 276 00:11:34,226 --> 00:11:36,916 through our blogs, through engaging in technical forums. 277 00:11:36,916 --> 00:11:40,086 But we also run a lot of hands-on workshops 278 00:11:40,086 --> 00:11:43,596 on college campuses and other offices across the country. 279 00:11:44,396 --> 00:11:45,736 So what I want to talk to you 280 00:11:45,736 --> 00:11:48,416 about tonight is modern app development on Windows. 281 00:11:48,576 --> 00:11:51,746 So the agenda is, I just want to talk about, you know, 282 00:11:51,776 --> 00:11:53,626 what does it mean to develop for Windows. 283 00:11:53,986 --> 00:11:55,486 I'm going to dig in a bit. 284 00:11:55,486 --> 00:11:56,466 We'll look at some code. 285 00:11:56,466 --> 00:12:00,146 We'll talk about building apps that you use open data APIs. 286 00:12:00,196 --> 00:12:03,646 So if you've been interested in building apps for iOS 287 00:12:03,646 --> 00:12:06,336 or for Android or for Windows, and you're interested, hey, 288 00:12:06,336 --> 00:12:07,616 you know, I'd like to do something 289 00:12:07,616 --> 00:12:12,176 with that Instagram API, or it's Yelp, or Facebook, Twitter, 290 00:12:12,476 --> 00:12:14,886 I'm kind of go over that design pattern. 291 00:12:14,886 --> 00:12:17,666 I'm going to show you some examples, we'll dig into it. 292 00:12:17,666 --> 00:12:19,866 I, myself, am a C# developer 293 00:12:20,076 --> 00:12:22,416 so I'll be using the C# programming language 294 00:12:22,416 --> 00:12:23,626 to demonstrate that. 295 00:12:23,896 --> 00:12:26,766 But the great news is that the pattern I'm showing you is 296 00:12:26,766 --> 00:12:29,416 applicable, you know, really very much 297 00:12:29,416 --> 00:12:33,186 in a cross-platform way and you just, you know, 298 00:12:33,186 --> 00:12:33,856 there's different ways 299 00:12:33,856 --> 00:12:36,186 to implement it whether you're doing JavaScript 300 00:12:36,276 --> 00:12:39,786 or you're developing in Java for Android 301 00:12:39,786 --> 00:12:41,986 or on the Apple platform. 302 00:12:41,986 --> 00:12:44,886 So it just changes in languages syntax at that point. 303 00:12:45,206 --> 00:12:47,926 Now, I'll close out and just really ducktail nicely what 304 00:12:47,926 --> 00:12:49,356 David is talking about with PhoneGap. 305 00:12:49,356 --> 00:12:53,246 I'm going to cover just the cross-platform app 306 00:12:53,246 --> 00:12:55,976 and game development landscape. 307 00:12:55,976 --> 00:12:59,396 As you go into this space, if this is your, you know, 308 00:12:59,446 --> 00:13:02,116 this is your career aspiration, 309 00:13:02,466 --> 00:13:03,726 one of the things you really want 310 00:13:03,726 --> 00:13:05,946 to understand is what are all the different ways 311 00:13:05,946 --> 00:13:09,206 that you can build apps and games or these platforms. 312 00:13:09,466 --> 00:13:10,866 And if you're doing it professionally, 313 00:13:10,866 --> 00:13:14,986 there may be value in leveraging cross-platform frameworks 314 00:13:14,986 --> 00:13:15,686 and tools. 315 00:13:15,686 --> 00:13:18,316 So I'll just give you a sense of what they are, 316 00:13:18,786 --> 00:13:21,856 what platforms they support, what languages 317 00:13:21,856 --> 00:13:23,646 and what skill sets you might need. 318 00:13:23,966 --> 00:13:26,846 But, you know, knowing how to do something natively, 319 00:13:27,106 --> 00:13:28,706 it's a fantastic skill to have, 320 00:13:29,056 --> 00:13:32,306 but also there may be business reasons why a cross-platform 321 00:13:32,306 --> 00:13:34,436 framework or tool makes sense. 322 00:13:34,436 --> 00:13:35,966 And we'll just go over that briefly. 323 00:13:35,966 --> 00:13:39,656 And I'll finish out with pointing you to a whole bunch 324 00:13:39,656 --> 00:13:43,576 of resources that we have for you. 325 00:13:43,576 --> 00:13:46,246 So when you think about developing for Windows, 326 00:13:46,246 --> 00:13:50,926 you know, obviously, we made a significant change 327 00:13:51,236 --> 00:13:54,336 in the experience of Windows when a user first used it. 328 00:13:54,336 --> 00:13:56,536 They're presented with a Start screen. 329 00:13:56,536 --> 00:13:58,996 The apps that used to be 330 00:13:58,996 --> 00:14:03,276 on the Start menu are now represented as tiles. 331 00:14:03,276 --> 00:14:05,816 And these are, in many cases, live tiles. 332 00:14:05,816 --> 00:14:08,786 So the tiles themselves will update with information. 333 00:14:08,786 --> 00:14:11,166 It's a touch-first experience. 334 00:14:11,166 --> 00:14:15,246 It's very, you know, our goal is it's very immersive 335 00:14:15,246 --> 00:14:18,616 and allows a user to really get 336 00:14:18,616 --> 00:14:20,246 to what they want to do very quickly. 337 00:14:20,756 --> 00:14:23,856 I'll demonstrate some apps for you to show you that. 338 00:14:24,076 --> 00:14:27,186 Another key point from a developer's perspective is 339 00:14:27,186 --> 00:14:31,026 that we provide new language choice. 340 00:14:31,236 --> 00:14:36,476 So you can develop natively on Windows and on Windows Phone 341 00:14:36,526 --> 00:14:41,006 in C++, in C#, but also in HTML5 and JavaScript. 342 00:14:41,146 --> 00:14:45,816 So that, you know, opening up the platform natively 343 00:14:46,156 --> 00:14:49,276 for web developers was, you know, a big shift. 344 00:14:49,276 --> 00:14:50,206 And the way we do that, 345 00:14:50,206 --> 00:14:53,486 I'll describe what the platform architecture is a little bit. 346 00:14:53,786 --> 00:14:55,976 But the bottom line is there's a common runtime. 347 00:14:56,466 --> 00:14:59,906 So regardless of what language you use, you have access 348 00:14:59,906 --> 00:15:02,146 to the full API set natively. 349 00:15:02,336 --> 00:15:03,466 So it's really about it. 350 00:15:03,466 --> 00:15:08,716 It's a skill set decision for you. 351 00:15:08,716 --> 00:15:12,666 So, let's demonstrate a couple of apps for you 352 00:15:12,666 --> 00:15:14,036 so you get a sense of, you know, 353 00:15:14,036 --> 00:15:15,966 when you're targeting the Windows platform, 354 00:15:15,966 --> 00:15:18,556 how do you really differentiate your app from others. 355 00:15:18,556 --> 00:15:21,506 So first off, you know, this is the main Start screen 356 00:15:21,506 --> 00:15:22,536 in Windows 8. 357 00:15:23,266 --> 00:15:27,136 I'm running a-- this is an ASUS ZenBook Prime Touch 358 00:15:27,136 --> 00:15:28,426 so it's got a touch screen. 359 00:15:28,876 --> 00:15:35,066 I can see all my apps, I can easily scroll through them. 360 00:15:35,146 --> 00:15:37,976 With touch, I can pinch zoom, in this way, 361 00:15:37,976 --> 00:15:42,316 I can see all the different categories that I've defined. 362 00:15:42,696 --> 00:15:46,456 If I want to run an application, let's say I want to go 363 00:15:46,456 --> 00:15:51,216 to the Microsoft Store, I simply touch it, or of course, 364 00:15:51,216 --> 00:15:52,546 I could click it with the mouse. 365 00:15:52,546 --> 00:15:54,376 It's-- and one other interesting thing 366 00:15:54,376 --> 00:15:56,066 about the platform is everything 367 00:15:56,066 --> 00:15:58,386 within Windows is still fully functional 368 00:15:58,386 --> 00:15:59,386 with keyboard and mouse. 369 00:15:59,386 --> 00:16:03,306 But we've made it also a very, 370 00:16:03,306 --> 00:16:05,156 very good touch-first experience. 371 00:16:05,326 --> 00:16:06,606 So now, I'm in the store. 372 00:16:06,606 --> 00:16:09,096 And if I was interested in purchasing Halo: 373 00:16:09,096 --> 00:16:11,936 Spartan Assault, you know, I could go in here 374 00:16:12,246 --> 00:16:13,426 and I could check it out, 375 00:16:13,426 --> 00:16:16,696 I could see the different screenshots, I could look 376 00:16:16,696 --> 00:16:19,156 at reviews, and so on. 377 00:16:19,466 --> 00:16:21,226 And I could choose to purchase it 378 00:16:21,226 --> 00:16:24,226 which in this case I already have, so it knows that. 379 00:16:26,766 --> 00:16:29,116 Now, from an app developer, one of the things I might wan 380 00:16:29,116 --> 00:16:35,386 to do is make sure that the tile itself is providing value 381 00:16:35,386 --> 00:16:36,046 to the user. 382 00:16:36,046 --> 00:16:38,426 So you can have what's called the live tile, 383 00:16:38,426 --> 00:16:39,456 and there's a couple examples here. 384 00:16:39,456 --> 00:16:43,596 You see some tiles updating with the different images. 385 00:16:43,926 --> 00:16:46,416 You can see the store title is telling me 386 00:16:46,416 --> 00:16:47,736 that I have an update. 387 00:16:48,176 --> 00:16:50,186 So these are things that you, as a developer, 388 00:16:50,186 --> 00:16:52,246 can take advantage of. 389 00:16:52,856 --> 00:16:56,966 The user could choose to turn that off or turn it 390 00:16:56,966 --> 00:16:59,646 on at any time, but it's something 391 00:16:59,646 --> 00:17:03,376 that if you are providing say status of your game, 392 00:17:03,646 --> 00:17:06,406 you might want hotlist what the recent high score is, 393 00:17:06,406 --> 00:17:09,156 or maybe if it's multiplayer game that might want 394 00:17:09,156 --> 00:17:10,426 to tell the user it's their turn, 395 00:17:10,926 --> 00:17:11,996 you know, it's a chess game. 396 00:17:12,206 --> 00:17:14,166 The person you've been playing with has made their move, now, 397 00:17:14,416 --> 00:17:16,826 it's their turn to go in and play the game. 398 00:17:16,826 --> 00:17:17,546 So you could actually do 399 00:17:17,546 --> 00:17:19,556 that without the app actually running. 400 00:17:19,556 --> 00:17:21,986 So it's pretty powerful. 401 00:17:21,986 --> 00:17:24,756 Another thing that you can do is you can provide different 402 00:17:25,006 --> 00:17:26,206 tile sizes. 403 00:17:26,766 --> 00:17:33,886 So, on Windows 8, we give you the option of a wide tile 404 00:17:34,526 --> 00:17:39,046 or a standard 150x150 tile. 405 00:17:39,046 --> 00:17:41,056 It's another way you can differentiate. 406 00:17:41,056 --> 00:17:43,766 You don't-- the wide tile optional, but it's-- 407 00:17:43,766 --> 00:17:46,066 you supply that if you want to provide 408 00:17:46,106 --> 00:17:47,806 that capability for the user. 409 00:17:48,566 --> 00:17:49,776 Now, let's see. 410 00:17:50,516 --> 00:17:54,206 [ Pause ] 411 00:17:54,706 --> 00:17:56,036 Let's go here. 412 00:17:56,876 --> 00:18:00,136 So this is the Allrecipes application. 413 00:18:00,136 --> 00:18:03,446 So this just gives you an example of sort 414 00:18:03,446 --> 00:18:08,746 of the design language that we are promoting with Windows 8. 415 00:18:08,966 --> 00:18:11,816 It starts with it being chromeless. 416 00:18:11,816 --> 00:18:14,106 All right, so what that means is you're not seeing any 417 00:18:14,286 --> 00:18:19,286 decoration, let's say operating system window decoration here, 418 00:18:19,326 --> 00:18:19,756 right? 419 00:18:20,026 --> 00:18:22,456 Traditionally, in Windows, if you opened a window 420 00:18:22,456 --> 00:18:25,926 like on Windows 7, on the desktop, there would be an edge 421 00:18:25,926 --> 00:18:29,846 to the window, there would be Minimize and Open 422 00:18:29,846 --> 00:18:31,896 and Close buttons on the upper right-hand corner. 423 00:18:31,896 --> 00:18:34,056 There might be a menu across the top. 424 00:18:34,056 --> 00:18:37,116 There's a lot of stuff going on in this window. 425 00:18:37,226 --> 00:18:41,616 Here, the philosophy is content is-- 426 00:18:41,976 --> 00:18:44,716 content of the app is the centerpiece. 427 00:18:45,036 --> 00:18:51,666 And so, you see very vivid, you know, images being used. 428 00:18:51,666 --> 00:18:57,186 The user is guided through this application. 429 00:18:57,186 --> 00:19:02,376 They navigate through it with-- by the use of topography. 430 00:19:02,886 --> 00:19:05,816 So, you know, really nice looking fonts, 431 00:19:05,996 --> 00:19:08,066 different sizes mean different things. 432 00:19:08,476 --> 00:19:13,476 I'm interested in recipes that deal with bacon, all right, 433 00:19:13,476 --> 00:19:16,506 so I know I can just click on that, I can touch that. 434 00:19:16,826 --> 00:19:20,496 And now, I'm seeing all the recipes that match 435 00:19:20,496 --> 00:19:22,716 that particular category. 436 00:19:22,956 --> 00:19:25,466 If I want to go back, I can see in the upper left-hand corner, 437 00:19:26,356 --> 00:19:27,786 little bread crumb arrow. 438 00:19:27,786 --> 00:19:30,156 I know that I can navigate back to the main screen. 439 00:19:31,036 --> 00:19:34,526 So there's a lot more to that design language. 440 00:19:35,306 --> 00:19:38,076 We refer to that as modern app design. 441 00:19:38,076 --> 00:19:39,956 I think initially when we released it, we referred to it 442 00:19:39,956 --> 00:19:43,186 as metro design, but now it's modern app design, 443 00:19:43,186 --> 00:19:45,506 and if you going to design.windows.com, 444 00:19:45,786 --> 00:19:47,656 there's a great deal of documentation 445 00:19:47,706 --> 00:19:49,716 on this design language. 446 00:19:49,926 --> 00:19:55,416 It's guidance on how to make a really beautiful application 447 00:19:55,756 --> 00:19:56,856 on Windows. 448 00:19:56,986 --> 00:19:59,826 Some of the other things this app demonstrates is the 449 00:19:59,826 --> 00:20:00,976 integration with the operating system itself. 450 00:20:01,046 --> 00:20:04,746 So, I just swiped from the right-hand side. 451 00:20:04,746 --> 00:20:06,426 I brought in what's called the Charms Bar. 452 00:20:06,426 --> 00:20:09,386 So, this is also a capability as a developer, you have accesse 453 00:20:09,386 --> 00:20:13,486 to this platform features from your application. 454 00:20:13,486 --> 00:20:14,646 So, for example, Search. 455 00:20:14,956 --> 00:20:16,256 If I click on Search, 456 00:20:16,376 --> 00:20:20,546 what you'll notice is the Search layout panel comes in. 457 00:20:21,476 --> 00:20:24,556 And Allrecipes is selected by default. 458 00:20:24,556 --> 00:20:25,796 So, if when I do a search now, 459 00:20:25,796 --> 00:20:27,876 I'm going to be searching Allrecipes. 460 00:20:28,256 --> 00:20:31,736 But you can see that there are number of other applications 461 00:20:31,736 --> 00:20:34,776 that have registered themselves with Windows 462 00:20:35,066 --> 00:20:37,496 and are making themselves available for search. 463 00:20:38,386 --> 00:20:39,976 But if I was interested in cookies-- 464 00:20:40,516 --> 00:20:43,616 [ Pause ] 465 00:20:44,116 --> 00:20:47,456 -- in All recipes, that search is now being-- 466 00:20:47,456 --> 00:20:51,006 that search query was just passed to the application 467 00:20:51,006 --> 00:20:53,826 and the application then decides how it wants to deal with it. 468 00:20:54,456 --> 00:20:56,146 So, any application can tie 469 00:20:56,146 --> 00:20:58,266 in to the search capability that's built 470 00:20:58,266 --> 00:20:59,786 in to the operating system. 471 00:20:59,786 --> 00:21:02,106 Something registers itself as a search target 472 00:21:02,556 --> 00:21:04,316 when the user types in terms, so, 473 00:21:04,316 --> 00:21:05,876 your application could do that. 474 00:21:05,876 --> 00:21:08,806 All right, so you could just tie in that feature. 475 00:21:08,806 --> 00:21:10,516 And the same with sharing. 476 00:21:11,106 --> 00:21:14,576 So, this says this app can't share, all right? 477 00:21:14,576 --> 00:21:16,436 So, this app hasn't implemented this feature. 478 00:21:16,686 --> 00:21:17,796 But what you could do in an app 479 00:21:17,846 --> 00:21:19,316 that would share is it might say, 480 00:21:19,316 --> 00:21:23,496 "I'd like to share whatever information's on the screen," 481 00:21:23,796 --> 00:21:26,396 in which case, it might be interesting to see if I go 482 00:21:26,396 --> 00:21:28,886 into a particular recipe if it allows me to share. 483 00:21:28,886 --> 00:21:30,366 There we go. 484 00:21:30,606 --> 00:21:34,766 So now that I'm on a particular recipe, it says-- 485 00:21:34,906 --> 00:21:37,346 in Allrecipes, user says, "I want to share this recipe." 486 00:21:37,536 --> 00:21:40,236 Well, what comes up are all the applications 487 00:21:40,676 --> 00:21:42,266 that have registered with Windows 488 00:21:42,266 --> 00:21:44,886 that support sharing as a share target. 489 00:21:45,816 --> 00:21:48,746 So, Allrecipes doesn't know how to share with Mail, 490 00:21:48,966 --> 00:21:51,626 doesn't know how to share with OneNote, or SkyDrive. 491 00:21:52,036 --> 00:21:53,786 The operating system knows how to do that. 492 00:21:54,276 --> 00:21:57,666 Allrecipe is simply saying, "I want to take this information 493 00:21:57,666 --> 00:21:59,846 which is this recipe and share it out." 494 00:21:59,946 --> 00:22:02,686 And the user gets to choose where they share it. 495 00:22:03,096 --> 00:22:05,846 So, that's another way that you can differentiate your app 496 00:22:05,846 --> 00:22:11,236 on the platform, take advantage of search and share. 497 00:22:11,446 --> 00:22:16,056 Now, Allrecipes, that's a great example of an HTML5 application. 498 00:22:16,176 --> 00:22:20,126 That was built in HTML5 and JavaScript for Windows. 499 00:22:20,126 --> 00:22:23,896 An example of a game that's built in HTML5 500 00:22:23,896 --> 00:22:25,396 and JavaScript is Cut the Rope. 501 00:22:25,706 --> 00:22:26,956 So, it's a popular game. 502 00:22:26,956 --> 00:22:28,106 So, it's on all platforms. 503 00:22:28,106 --> 00:22:29,266 It's available in the browser. 504 00:22:30,766 --> 00:22:34,406 What this team did is they took their HTML5 and JavaScript code. 505 00:22:34,406 --> 00:22:36,966 In about two weeks, they had it running on Windows 8, 506 00:22:37,546 --> 00:22:40,136 very early on in the beta timeframe. 507 00:22:40,836 --> 00:22:43,416 So, you know, just to give you a sense of, you know, 508 00:22:43,416 --> 00:22:45,446 the kind of performance that you can get, 509 00:22:45,536 --> 00:22:48,696 I'm going to embarrass myself and try 510 00:22:49,136 --> 00:22:50,696 to play this game here so. 511 00:22:51,516 --> 00:22:58,076 [ Pause ] 512 00:22:58,576 --> 00:22:59,256 Here we go. 513 00:22:59,986 --> 00:23:00,516 Two out of three. 514 00:23:01,116 --> 00:23:03,336 It's OK. Here we go. 515 00:23:05,636 --> 00:23:07,826 That's HTML5 and JavaScript. 516 00:23:08,276 --> 00:23:11,326 Pretty performing, that's because you-- 517 00:23:11,326 --> 00:23:15,406 whether you're building a C++, C#, or HTML5 and JavaScript, 518 00:23:15,406 --> 00:23:17,666 there's a common runtime for all those languages. 519 00:23:17,886 --> 00:23:20,216 Now, you could actually build and you can get closer 520 00:23:20,216 --> 00:23:23,456 to the metal and go C++ native, in which case, 521 00:23:23,456 --> 00:23:26,866 you are not leveraging that common language runtime. 522 00:23:27,276 --> 00:23:33,166 But, you know, for most cases, for most applications and games, 523 00:23:33,906 --> 00:23:37,586 that's actually quite sufficient from a performance perspective. 524 00:23:37,806 --> 00:23:40,266 If you're writing something like Halo Spartan, 525 00:23:40,466 --> 00:23:43,416 then you're probably, you know, and you're doing 3D modeling 526 00:23:43,416 --> 00:23:45,326 and things of that sort, you're going to be right 527 00:23:45,326 --> 00:23:48,116 on the metal with C++. 528 00:23:49,116 --> 00:23:51,556 Here's an app that's written in C#. 529 00:23:52,436 --> 00:23:55,576 This is Cocktail Flow. 530 00:23:56,446 --> 00:23:59,336 So, this is just also showing you, you know, 531 00:23:59,336 --> 00:24:03,606 that design language I talked about earlier, its guidelines. 532 00:24:04,026 --> 00:24:08,146 The-- as a developer, you get to decide how you want to implement 533 00:24:08,316 --> 00:24:11,996 that particular-- you take that guidance 534 00:24:11,996 --> 00:24:13,236 and apply it to your app. 535 00:24:13,236 --> 00:24:14,996 And here is an example 536 00:24:14,996 --> 00:24:19,366 where we've got this really just beautiful immersive application. 537 00:24:19,816 --> 00:24:21,256 It looks great on that big screen. 538 00:24:22,886 --> 00:24:24,736 And, you know, maybe you're interested 539 00:24:24,736 --> 00:24:26,706 in how you make this particular [inaudible]. 540 00:24:26,706 --> 00:24:30,456 You can see the nice animations, fantastic imagery. 541 00:24:30,676 --> 00:24:33,376 And it's very fast. 542 00:24:33,686 --> 00:24:36,246 We used to-- when this first came out, you know, 543 00:24:36,246 --> 00:24:38,526 we would refer to apps like this as fast, fluid, 544 00:24:38,526 --> 00:24:39,596 immersive, and beautiful. 545 00:24:40,076 --> 00:24:42,806 That's really at the core of the philosophy 546 00:24:42,806 --> 00:24:45,676 of that design language. 547 00:24:46,516 --> 00:24:49,376 [ Pause ] 548 00:24:49,876 --> 00:24:55,196 This is a game that's built in C#. 549 00:24:56,516 --> 00:25:03,586 [ Pause ] 550 00:25:04,086 --> 00:25:07,056 I'm not saying that all the power of this 551 00:25:07,056 --> 00:25:15,146 but you're the sense of-- that this is a-- let's go. 552 00:25:15,856 --> 00:25:20,026 One more. At last. 553 00:25:20,266 --> 00:25:22,776 All right. 554 00:25:23,986 --> 00:25:27,566 Very sad. But, the point is you can build apps, 555 00:25:27,746 --> 00:25:30,646 you can build games, you know, in your language of choice. 556 00:25:32,196 --> 00:25:34,906 Now, we make that possible as I've said earlier 557 00:25:34,906 --> 00:25:38,846 because we have this common run time Win RT, Windows Run Time. 558 00:25:39,556 --> 00:25:42,886 And on top of that, you have your choice of language, 559 00:25:42,916 --> 00:25:48,286 C or C++, C Sharp or Visual Basic, HTML, and JavaScript. 560 00:25:49,336 --> 00:25:51,426 There is something called XAML, 561 00:25:51,426 --> 00:25:53,896 Extensible Application Markup Language. 562 00:25:54,286 --> 00:25:59,176 That-- that is the language that you would combine with C or C++ 563 00:25:59,176 --> 00:26:02,346 or C Sharp or Visual Basic that does the layout of the UI. 564 00:26:02,986 --> 00:26:06,816 So, you can think of it as equivalent to HTML-- 565 00:26:06,816 --> 00:26:09,936 that HTML with JavaScript, XAML with C Sharp. 566 00:26:09,936 --> 00:26:12,306 That's the same relationship there. 567 00:26:13,516 --> 00:26:19,036 [ Pause ] 568 00:26:19,536 --> 00:26:23,496 So, what I want to show you now is if you're interested 569 00:26:23,496 --> 00:26:26,516 in getting started to build an application 570 00:26:26,646 --> 00:26:28,676 for Windows, what do you need? 571 00:26:28,676 --> 00:26:30,086 When we start with Visual Studio? 572 00:26:31,366 --> 00:26:36,436 Visual Studio is the development tool-- you're students, so, 573 00:26:36,436 --> 00:26:40,986 you have access to Visual Studio at Professional at no cost 574 00:26:40,986 --> 00:26:42,406 through our DreamSpark program. 575 00:26:42,746 --> 00:26:45,316 So, if you're not signed up at DreamSpark, please do. 576 00:26:45,316 --> 00:26:50,276 In fact, in the Applied Sciences and Engineering Department, 577 00:26:50,376 --> 00:26:54,196 you actually have your own DreamSpark Premium 578 00:26:54,196 --> 00:26:55,606 and you have a web store. 579 00:26:55,606 --> 00:26:57,726 So, does this class know all about that? 580 00:26:57,856 --> 00:26:57,966 >> They-- 581 00:26:58,016 --> 00:26:59,176 >> Plugged [phonetic] into that? 582 00:26:59,276 --> 00:27:00,146 >> They don't but they do now. 583 00:27:00,376 --> 00:27:01,016 >> They do now? 584 00:27:01,176 --> 00:27:01,656 Beautiful. 585 00:27:01,946 --> 00:27:06,106 So, I don't know what the URL is to the Harvard Web Store, 586 00:27:06,106 --> 00:27:10,416 but if you go there, you can get access to all 587 00:27:10,416 --> 00:27:12,096 of our products at no charge. 588 00:27:12,206 --> 00:27:13,546 We'll make that available to students. 589 00:27:14,196 --> 00:27:16,036 So you're in Visual Studio. 590 00:27:16,136 --> 00:27:17,176 You want to get started. 591 00:27:17,916 --> 00:27:20,366 Well, I'm going to go ahead and click New Project. 592 00:27:24,216 --> 00:27:26,736 And the first thing you'll see is the way 593 00:27:26,736 --> 00:27:30,186 that we organize the templates is by language. 594 00:27:30,186 --> 00:27:32,536 So, I've got Visual C Sharp here, 595 00:27:32,826 --> 00:27:36,126 but there are other languages and I can expand that. 596 00:27:36,796 --> 00:27:38,866 I could see-- here's JavaScript. 597 00:27:40,226 --> 00:27:45,236 So, if I wanted to build an app for the Windows Store in HTML5 598 00:27:45,236 --> 00:27:48,256 and JavaScript, I could start with one of these templates. 599 00:27:48,256 --> 00:27:49,396 All right? 600 00:27:49,396 --> 00:27:50,236 Let's say grid app. 601 00:27:50,236 --> 00:27:51,486 I'm going to say, "OK. 602 00:27:51,486 --> 00:27:52,256 I want to get started. 603 00:27:52,256 --> 00:27:55,666 I want to build an app that's based on that grid layout 604 00:27:55,976 --> 00:27:57,916 that I saw with all the recipes. 605 00:27:57,916 --> 00:28:00,096 It was very similar to Cocktail Flow. 606 00:28:00,096 --> 00:28:02,156 I want an app that sort of looks like that." 607 00:28:03,016 --> 00:28:05,226 It started with that template. 608 00:28:05,226 --> 00:28:07,726 So now, it's going to generate that solution. 609 00:28:07,726 --> 00:28:08,966 It's going to give you essentially all 610 00:28:08,966 --> 00:28:10,796 of the scaffolding for that application. 611 00:28:11,726 --> 00:28:16,186 And by default, these templates used-- 612 00:28:16,186 --> 00:28:18,736 what we call Model View ViewModel. 613 00:28:19,536 --> 00:28:22,566 So, it's the variation on Model View controller 614 00:28:23,156 --> 00:28:25,036 but the ideas that, you know, 615 00:28:25,036 --> 00:28:29,426 Model View that's the user interface layout that's done 616 00:28:29,426 --> 00:28:33,606 in XAML or be done in, you know, HTML and CSS. 617 00:28:33,606 --> 00:28:37,816 And then, there's the ViewModel, that's the data that you want 618 00:28:37,816 --> 00:28:41,316 to bind to your user interface controls. 619 00:28:41,546 --> 00:28:42,026 All right. 620 00:28:42,056 --> 00:28:45,216 So, that's sounded [phonetic] by, you know, 621 00:28:45,216 --> 00:28:47,126 what David had said earlier in the beginning of the class 622 00:28:47,126 --> 00:28:49,126 that you're familiar with Model View controller, 623 00:28:49,446 --> 00:28:51,356 so, Model View ViewModel. 624 00:28:51,356 --> 00:28:52,286 You'll feel very comfortable. 625 00:28:53,126 --> 00:28:54,206 Same concept. 626 00:28:54,776 --> 00:28:55,566 So here I am. 627 00:28:56,216 --> 00:28:58,436 I've generated this HTML5 628 00:28:58,436 --> 00:29:02,856 and JavaScript Windows Store application. 629 00:29:02,856 --> 00:29:05,446 I'm going to go ahead and just run it on the local machine. 630 00:29:05,606 --> 00:29:06,926 See what I get for free. 631 00:29:07,516 --> 00:29:11,146 [ Pause ] 632 00:29:11,646 --> 00:29:13,806 Starts up, this is the default splash screen. 633 00:29:13,936 --> 00:29:15,126 Here's an area you're going to want 634 00:29:15,196 --> 00:29:16,746 to have some focus on, right? 635 00:29:16,746 --> 00:29:19,356 Having a great looking splash screen is key. 636 00:29:19,556 --> 00:29:20,616 Now the app is running. 637 00:29:21,056 --> 00:29:23,816 So by default, you get a template that's laying 638 00:29:23,816 --> 00:29:29,226 out some pseudo information in groups. 639 00:29:29,696 --> 00:29:34,626 And if I were to click on to a group header, 640 00:29:35,336 --> 00:29:40,306 I would see this view just showing me the items 641 00:29:40,306 --> 00:29:43,786 within that group or I could click on a specific item 642 00:29:43,786 --> 00:29:45,456 and now I'm looking at that specific item. 643 00:29:46,096 --> 00:29:51,636 So there's all place holders for the data that is going to light 644 00:29:51,636 --> 00:29:53,336 up your application, all right? 645 00:29:53,656 --> 00:29:54,666 So, you can see this is-- 646 00:29:54,666 --> 00:29:56,516 this is certainly not ready for the store 647 00:29:57,236 --> 00:29:59,616 but all the scaffolding is in place, 648 00:29:59,646 --> 00:30:01,296 the navigation is in place. 649 00:30:01,556 --> 00:30:04,566 What you need to now do is come in, apply design, 650 00:30:05,166 --> 00:30:07,646 and bring in the data of your application, that's going 651 00:30:07,646 --> 00:30:09,216 to be something I'll focus on when I talk 652 00:30:09,216 --> 00:30:11,146 about using these open data APIs. 653 00:30:12,156 --> 00:30:16,616 But the bottom line is you get a pretty functional starting place 654 00:30:16,616 --> 00:30:17,796 for your applications. 655 00:30:18,516 --> 00:30:25,106 [ Pause ] 656 00:30:25,606 --> 00:30:27,876 As I file, new project again-- 657 00:30:28,386 --> 00:30:32,786 so that was HTML5 and JavaScript. 658 00:30:32,786 --> 00:30:35,966 Now if I go to C-sharp, Windows store, 659 00:30:36,396 --> 00:30:38,456 I can see I've got those same templates. 660 00:30:38,456 --> 00:30:39,136 I have a blank. 661 00:30:39,136 --> 00:30:40,156 I have a grid. 662 00:30:40,156 --> 00:30:41,516 I have something called the split app. 663 00:30:42,906 --> 00:30:45,686 So let's do grid in C-sharp. 664 00:30:45,796 --> 00:30:48,956 I say OK. I'm really going 665 00:30:48,956 --> 00:30:51,566 to get essentially it's the same application, 666 00:30:51,696 --> 00:30:56,286 but now the language is C-sharp and XML. 667 00:30:57,031 --> 00:30:59,031 [ Pause ] 668 00:30:59,046 --> 00:31:00,946 If I say go ahead and run this 669 00:31:00,946 --> 00:31:05,256 on the local machine again I get this default slash screen. 670 00:31:06,466 --> 00:31:08,796 The app is up and running, looks identical. 671 00:31:09,346 --> 00:31:11,976 All right. 672 00:31:12,516 --> 00:31:22,186 [ Pause ] 673 00:31:22,686 --> 00:31:28,646 Now we also support building for the phone. 674 00:31:28,866 --> 00:31:31,686 So we're on to that, I'd say OK, I want to do let's say C-sharp 675 00:31:31,686 --> 00:31:36,146 for Windows Phone, and now here are all the different templates 676 00:31:36,656 --> 00:31:39,756 that I could use for a Windows phone application. 677 00:31:40,416 --> 00:31:42,726 So say I want to do a Pivot App. 678 00:31:43,596 --> 00:31:44,246 Let's say OK. 679 00:31:44,866 --> 00:31:46,786 What platform? 680 00:31:46,786 --> 00:31:49,516 Is it the Windows Phone 8 or is it 7.1? 681 00:31:49,516 --> 00:31:51,586 I'm going to choose Windows Phone 8. 682 00:31:54,056 --> 00:31:55,046 Say OK. 683 00:31:56,516 --> 00:32:01,356 [ Pause ] 684 00:32:01,856 --> 00:32:03,876 And right there in that Window you can see there's-- 685 00:32:04,106 --> 00:32:06,906 this is the XAML which is defining the layout. 686 00:32:07,526 --> 00:32:10,486 Here is the WYSIWYG editor, 687 00:32:10,546 --> 00:32:12,246 so I can see exactly what it looks like. 688 00:32:12,936 --> 00:32:15,176 And if I wanted to see, you know, 689 00:32:15,176 --> 00:32:16,486 want to dive into the code. 690 00:32:16,486 --> 00:32:23,006 I could open up the source file, and dive in. 691 00:32:23,006 --> 00:32:27,486 I'm going to go ahead and run this. 692 00:32:30,016 --> 00:32:33,516 So what you're seeing here is we're emulating the phone 693 00:32:33,516 --> 00:32:39,286 to get, you know, it's actually running as a virtual machine, 694 00:32:40,066 --> 00:32:43,426 and it's running the Windows Phone operating system, 695 00:32:44,096 --> 00:32:46,716 and but it's fully integrated, 696 00:32:46,716 --> 00:32:49,566 so I can actually, you know, test it. 697 00:32:52,416 --> 00:32:54,636 There-- I can test it with touch. 698 00:32:54,636 --> 00:32:57,856 I can test it with the mouse. 699 00:32:57,856 --> 00:33:03,116 And there are also some additional things I can do let's 700 00:33:03,116 --> 00:33:04,936 say like, you know, Pivot. 701 00:33:05,326 --> 00:33:09,436 So if you wanted to make sure 702 00:33:09,436 --> 00:33:12,046 that your application will respond to the user, 703 00:33:12,586 --> 00:33:15,316 putting the device into landscape mode, 704 00:33:15,316 --> 00:33:17,356 to make sure the user interface responded 705 00:33:17,356 --> 00:33:18,976 to that, you could test that. 706 00:33:19,516 --> 00:33:28,466 [ Pause ] 707 00:33:28,966 --> 00:33:30,056 Any question so far? 708 00:33:30,706 --> 00:33:32,766 Go ahead. 709 00:33:33,516 --> 00:33:47,106 [ Inaudible Remark ] 710 00:33:47,606 --> 00:33:48,746 Right. So the question is, 711 00:33:48,746 --> 00:33:53,056 if I'm targeting the Windows platform and take advantage 712 00:33:53,056 --> 00:33:54,846 of some of the things that differentiate the app 713 00:33:54,846 --> 00:33:57,986 on Windows, the Tiles and Search and Share, 714 00:33:57,986 --> 00:34:01,696 those things aren't unavailable on the other platforms, 715 00:34:01,966 --> 00:34:05,006 you know, how do you plan for that? 716 00:34:05,006 --> 00:34:05,996 How do you deal with that? 717 00:34:06,426 --> 00:34:11,256 So later in the talk, I'll inform you 718 00:34:11,256 --> 00:34:14,346 on all the different ways you can build cross-platform apps 719 00:34:14,346 --> 00:34:15,016 and games. 720 00:34:15,386 --> 00:34:19,206 And but one of the things that you'll learn is that especially 721 00:34:19,206 --> 00:34:25,026 in the area of apps, is the one thing you can't really replicate 722 00:34:25,026 --> 00:34:26,076 going from one platform 723 00:34:26,076 --> 00:34:29,196 to the other is the user experience, that is the UI. 724 00:34:29,516 --> 00:34:33,576 So the first step in your architecture is separation 725 00:34:33,576 --> 00:34:36,096 of concerns, that's for model-view-controller comes in, 726 00:34:36,456 --> 00:34:42,446 or MVC as-- MVVM, I'm sorry, that we promote. 727 00:34:42,596 --> 00:34:48,556 The whole idea is separating the UI layout, UI logic, 728 00:34:48,706 --> 00:34:51,316 middle tier logic, data access, 729 00:34:51,316 --> 00:34:53,966 make sure you've got good separation in your code. 730 00:34:54,346 --> 00:34:59,216 So when you go to do something in a cross-platform project, 731 00:34:59,536 --> 00:35:01,946 not all your code can go cross platform. 732 00:35:02,666 --> 00:35:05,946 Typically, what you have is you try to target the majority 733 00:35:05,946 --> 00:35:11,506 of your logic is-- that's not user interface-related, 734 00:35:11,746 --> 00:35:14,806 that can be cross-platform. 735 00:35:15,706 --> 00:35:17,276 You try to choose a language 736 00:35:17,396 --> 00:35:19,196 that will get you cross-platform, 737 00:35:19,306 --> 00:35:20,716 that's the other thing you have to look at. 738 00:35:21,116 --> 00:35:24,186 But typically, you'll do unique UI implementations 739 00:35:24,466 --> 00:35:27,466 on every file, because each on has their own controls, 740 00:35:27,466 --> 00:35:31,076 their own idiosyncrasies, their own features 741 00:35:31,076 --> 00:35:33,346 that you're going to want to leverage. 742 00:35:33,706 --> 00:35:34,806 So it's a great question. 743 00:35:35,516 --> 00:35:37,656 [ Inaudible Remark ] 744 00:35:38,156 --> 00:35:39,656 The short answer was no. 745 00:35:39,946 --> 00:35:44,536 The shorter answer is, it's like anything else in, you know, 746 00:35:44,536 --> 00:35:46,156 I've been doing this a while. 747 00:35:46,156 --> 00:35:51,716 The classic consulting answer, is it depends, 748 00:35:51,716 --> 00:35:54,606 that's how you start answering any of those questions, right? 749 00:35:54,966 --> 00:35:56,626 And so, you can take as a skill. 750 00:35:56,626 --> 00:35:57,406 Put that on your resume. 751 00:35:57,896 --> 00:35:58,966 You know how to say it, it depends. 752 00:35:58,966 --> 00:36:01,226 It just buys you time as you try to come up with the answer. 753 00:36:01,226 --> 00:36:04,216 So if you're ever in the consulting situation, 754 00:36:04,216 --> 00:36:05,196 you could start there. 755 00:36:05,456 --> 00:36:05,676 Yes? 756 00:36:06,516 --> 00:36:22,416 [ Inaudible Remark ] 757 00:36:22,916 --> 00:36:25,916 Right. So, you know, both Windows 8 758 00:36:25,916 --> 00:36:31,586 and Windows Phone have support for sensors, for obviously touch 759 00:36:31,586 --> 00:36:34,676 and dealing with accelerometers and gyroscopes, 760 00:36:34,676 --> 00:36:37,216 cameras, those APIs exist. 761 00:36:37,216 --> 00:36:40,486 What's-- When you start to get into that part of the API, 762 00:36:40,486 --> 00:36:44,336 that's probably where the majority of differences are 763 00:36:44,336 --> 00:36:46,716 between developing for Windows 8 and developing 764 00:36:46,716 --> 00:36:48,486 for Windows Phone, 'cause when you start to get 765 00:36:48,486 --> 00:36:50,656 into hardware-specific areas like that. 766 00:36:51,026 --> 00:36:55,836 A large percentage of the capabilities between Windows 8 767 00:36:55,836 --> 00:36:59,256 and Windows Phone are shared, there's a shared core 768 00:36:59,516 --> 00:37:03,696 which I believe is actually is a good lead into my next slide. 769 00:37:04,056 --> 00:37:07,796 Between Windows 8 and Windows Phone, there's a shared core, 770 00:37:08,026 --> 00:37:11,986 probably gets you about 80 percent commonality. 771 00:37:12,346 --> 00:37:14,156 But when you get into things that are specific 772 00:37:14,156 --> 00:37:16,316 to the hardware, it's just going to be different. 773 00:37:16,496 --> 00:37:21,816 You know, how you deal within accelerometers on-- 774 00:37:22,036 --> 00:37:26,906 in the Windows Phone space work that's dealing with the phones 775 00:37:26,906 --> 00:37:33,616 from Nokia, and you know, HTC and other phone manufacturers. 776 00:37:33,666 --> 00:37:37,386 And then, you know, on Windows, yes we have a camera, we do, 777 00:37:37,386 --> 00:37:40,646 you know, we handle-- we have sensor support and so on, 778 00:37:40,646 --> 00:37:43,756 a whole another set of hardware vendors. 779 00:37:43,996 --> 00:37:47,126 We try to abstract as much as possible, but that's sort 780 00:37:47,126 --> 00:37:48,436 of where the differences lie. 781 00:37:48,736 --> 00:37:51,976 So again, separation that concerns is key. 782 00:37:51,976 --> 00:37:54,626 When you're designing how, at the implementation, 783 00:37:54,626 --> 00:37:55,896 you know that's the kind of thing you want 784 00:37:55,896 --> 00:37:58,376 to encapsulate a way into a class library. 785 00:37:58,876 --> 00:38:01,796 Make sure it's something that's architecturally a little more 786 00:38:01,796 --> 00:38:02,476 plug and play. 787 00:38:03,516 --> 00:38:11,516 [ Inaudible Remark ] 788 00:38:12,016 --> 00:38:12,346 Yes? 789 00:38:14,516 --> 00:38:22,786 [ Inaudible Remark ] 790 00:38:23,286 --> 00:38:25,556 It's a great, great question. 791 00:38:25,556 --> 00:38:28,466 So the question is, if I already have an app for the browser 792 00:38:28,466 --> 00:38:30,816 and I'm using, let's say a jQuery 793 00:38:31,146 --> 00:38:33,456 and maybe some other JavaScript libraries, 794 00:38:33,456 --> 00:38:36,006 can I get that to run on the Windows 8? 795 00:38:36,276 --> 00:38:37,176 The answer is yes. 796 00:38:38,056 --> 00:38:43,446 So it's their-- well, I should have started it. 797 00:38:43,446 --> 00:38:44,286 It depends. 798 00:38:44,436 --> 00:38:46,906 Well, the answer is yes. 799 00:38:46,906 --> 00:38:47,656 It will work. 800 00:38:47,856 --> 00:38:50,026 Is it going to be just move your code over 801 00:38:50,026 --> 00:38:51,316 and hit run and it goes? 802 00:38:51,316 --> 00:38:52,466 No, so what you're going to need 803 00:38:52,466 --> 00:38:56,876 to do is first determine any third party JavaScript libraries 804 00:38:56,876 --> 00:38:59,406 you're using, do they work on Windows 8? 805 00:38:59,536 --> 00:39:02,506 Most do, jQuery as an example, it just works. 806 00:39:02,506 --> 00:39:06,796 If you want to use jQuery for doing AJAX calls, no problem. 807 00:39:07,146 --> 00:39:11,426 The Microsoft has libraries, JavaScript libraries 808 00:39:11,426 --> 00:39:13,106 that you bring in to your project 809 00:39:13,106 --> 00:39:15,416 that give you access to the WinRT APIs. 810 00:39:16,086 --> 00:39:18,156 So you'll need to add that into your project. 811 00:39:18,586 --> 00:39:22,746 You need to decide how do you want to-- 812 00:39:23,336 --> 00:39:27,916 where it gets interesting is dealing with scaling your UI, 813 00:39:27,916 --> 00:39:32,966 so that it, you know, has the look and feel 814 00:39:32,966 --> 00:39:36,356 in a Chromeless function on Windows 8, right? 815 00:39:36,356 --> 00:39:39,526 So you might have to adjust some of your style sheets 816 00:39:39,526 --> 00:39:40,986 and things of that sort. 817 00:39:41,206 --> 00:39:43,686 How do you want to integrate with Search and Share, 818 00:39:43,686 --> 00:39:45,636 that's calling a specific Windows API? 819 00:39:45,826 --> 00:39:48,456 You'll do that through Microsoft JavaScript libraries. 820 00:39:48,836 --> 00:39:51,336 But the third party libraries for the most part, 821 00:39:51,566 --> 00:39:52,846 we've seen that they just work. 822 00:39:53,446 --> 00:39:56,576 So a lot of them already test it. 823 00:39:56,576 --> 00:39:57,536 People are already using them. 824 00:39:57,536 --> 00:39:59,326 There's probably a lot of documentation on the internet, 825 00:39:59,326 --> 00:40:00,906 how that's being used. 826 00:40:01,376 --> 00:40:04,696 So, the story there is it's a pretty good story. 827 00:40:05,036 --> 00:40:07,786 In fact, a guy in my team by the name 828 00:40:07,786 --> 00:40:11,096 of Jesse Freeman who's a really well-known 829 00:40:11,096 --> 00:40:14,986 in the Indie Game Development circles, he builds games 830 00:40:15,016 --> 00:40:16,276 in HTML5 and JavaScript. 831 00:40:16,826 --> 00:40:20,746 And he actually teaches students who want to build games 832 00:40:20,746 --> 00:40:21,976 in HTML5 and JavaScript. 833 00:40:21,976 --> 00:40:25,096 He teaches them first to build it in the browser and then, 834 00:40:25,096 --> 00:40:27,236 the last class, they move it over to Windows, 835 00:40:27,586 --> 00:40:29,246 they get it running and they submit it to the store. 836 00:40:29,886 --> 00:40:33,006 So, so he's got it down to a science on the gaming side. 837 00:40:33,126 --> 00:40:36,756 You're using Canvas or if you're using, let's say, ImpactJS 838 00:40:37,216 --> 00:40:39,406 or what's another one? 839 00:40:39,406 --> 00:40:42,536 CreateJS is popular for doing HTML5 game development. 840 00:40:42,536 --> 00:40:44,976 They just work, so. 841 00:40:45,346 --> 00:40:47,996 >> [Inaudible] It's got to be possible to know that, right? 842 00:40:47,996 --> 00:40:51,426 It's not just fully innovative view. 843 00:40:52,436 --> 00:40:53,596 It's really native. 844 00:40:54,146 --> 00:40:55,216 >> It's really native. 845 00:40:55,696 --> 00:40:58,936 Where you would want to use PhoneGap which is, again, 846 00:40:58,936 --> 00:41:02,646 another great choice if cross platform mobile-- 847 00:41:02,646 --> 00:41:05,316 if you are HTML5 and JavaScript and you want 848 00:41:05,316 --> 00:41:06,916 to make sure you're going to work 849 00:41:06,916 --> 00:41:10,256 on all the platforms then PhoneGap is a great choice. 850 00:41:10,846 --> 00:41:13,216 If you want to take your existing browser, 851 00:41:13,536 --> 00:41:16,136 HTML5 JavaScript browser code and just get it running native 852 00:41:16,136 --> 00:41:18,776 on Windows, that's another choice, and you might decide 853 00:41:18,776 --> 00:41:23,416 to do that but then use PhoneGap for iOS and Android. 854 00:41:23,416 --> 00:41:26,396 So, you-- these are all business decisions at some point, right? 855 00:41:26,396 --> 00:41:29,376 If you're in a startup, you're in a company and they're trying 856 00:41:29,376 --> 00:41:31,856 to make decisions on investing time and money 857 00:41:31,856 --> 00:41:36,046 into building mobile applications and which platforms 858 00:41:36,046 --> 00:41:39,356 to support, this is exactly the conversations that go 859 00:41:39,356 --> 00:41:41,636 on in the design meetings. 860 00:41:42,316 --> 00:41:45,436 And so, it's good to kind of think through those things, 861 00:41:45,436 --> 00:41:48,366 maybe learn all the different ways to do it as you're doing it 862 00:41:48,366 --> 00:41:50,806 in this class and maybe in your own copious spare time. 863 00:41:51,156 --> 00:41:53,916 Try out all these different approaches 864 00:41:53,916 --> 00:41:55,966 and you'll learn a tremendous amount 865 00:41:56,256 --> 00:41:59,946 about what each platform can do, what each, you know, framework 866 00:41:59,946 --> 00:42:01,386 or tool like PhoneGap can do. 867 00:42:01,386 --> 00:42:04,766 Where is the gap in functionality and so, 868 00:42:04,766 --> 00:42:08,036 that's just tremendous value that you bring to whoever, 869 00:42:08,386 --> 00:42:09,686 you know, future employer might be. 870 00:42:09,946 --> 00:42:14,796 Differentiated apps, by that we mean taking advantage 871 00:42:14,796 --> 00:42:16,036 of live tiles, right? 872 00:42:16,356 --> 00:42:22,826 On the phone, you can actually have your app be available 873 00:42:22,826 --> 00:42:27,536 on the lock screen, also on Windows 8. 874 00:42:27,536 --> 00:42:30,006 There's a-- the ability to build applications that take advantage 875 00:42:30,006 --> 00:42:33,366 of the web camera and do things 876 00:42:33,366 --> 00:42:35,356 with the lens, integrated wallet. 877 00:42:35,356 --> 00:42:37,426 Of course, if you're a game developer, 878 00:42:37,656 --> 00:42:41,916 there's an opportunity to be branded Xbox. 879 00:42:42,276 --> 00:42:45,896 All right, so we work with independent game developers, 880 00:42:45,896 --> 00:42:49,786 game studios and if-- you can always reach 881 00:42:49,786 --> 00:42:52,266 out to the Xbox team and say, "Hey, 882 00:42:52,266 --> 00:42:53,586 could you take a look at my game." 883 00:42:53,586 --> 00:42:57,226 And if they like it, they license it, you get to brand-- 884 00:42:57,276 --> 00:43:00,456 you get that nice little Xbox green bar 885 00:43:00,456 --> 00:43:02,066 across the top of your game. 886 00:43:03,656 --> 00:43:07,476 That will push more downloads than anything else. 887 00:43:07,476 --> 00:43:10,076 It's that, you know, that little sort 888 00:43:10,076 --> 00:43:14,526 of "attaboy" from the Xbox team. 889 00:43:14,796 --> 00:43:16,666 So you'll drive a lot of attention to your app 890 00:43:16,666 --> 00:43:18,976 if it's tagged with Xbox. 891 00:43:19,386 --> 00:43:24,606 So, I'm going to dive back into Visual Studio in a bit. 892 00:43:24,606 --> 00:43:28,266 What I want to go over is building apps 893 00:43:28,266 --> 00:43:30,426 that use these Open Data APIs. 894 00:43:30,896 --> 00:43:37,406 We have discovered that mobile developers who are learning 895 00:43:37,956 --> 00:43:41,316 to build for the various mobile devices that are out there, 896 00:43:41,316 --> 00:43:43,936 a lot of times, you need some ideas. 897 00:43:44,006 --> 00:43:47,686 And Open Data APIs provide you a ton of ideas. 898 00:43:47,686 --> 00:43:48,316 Let me just-- I don't know 899 00:43:48,316 --> 00:43:49,686 if you've ever been out to this site. 900 00:43:50,276 --> 00:43:57,186 Let me go to apihub.com. 901 00:43:58,136 --> 00:44:03,256 You go to apihub.com and you could search 902 00:44:03,256 --> 00:44:04,926 or you could browse by category. 903 00:44:05,496 --> 00:44:08,316 You know, they've got 904 00:44:08,316 --> 00:44:11,936 over 13,000 Open Data APIs registered here. 905 00:44:12,246 --> 00:44:13,926 So if you're looking for data, 906 00:44:13,926 --> 00:44:17,146 because the data is really what makes an app interesting, right? 907 00:44:17,896 --> 00:44:21,636 And so, if you're interested in building an app for healthcare 908 00:44:21,636 --> 00:44:24,636 or education, or you know, you want to use, you know, 909 00:44:24,636 --> 00:44:26,766 government data, you want to-- 910 00:44:26,846 --> 00:44:31,696 you know, you want to integrate maps into your Mashup App, 911 00:44:32,246 --> 00:44:33,576 this is the place to go 912 00:44:33,576 --> 00:44:35,976 and at least get started finding what you're interested in. 913 00:44:35,976 --> 00:44:39,996 So, I want to build an educational application. 914 00:44:40,246 --> 00:44:44,146 I want to use REST protocol. 915 00:44:44,256 --> 00:44:47,916 I'd like it to return JSON because that's-- 916 00:44:47,916 --> 00:44:49,146 and there I've got, you know, 917 00:44:49,146 --> 00:44:50,926 I've got the Khan Academy has an API. 918 00:44:51,736 --> 00:44:57,036 DonorsChoose API, Google Books API, TED API, hey-- I'll start-- 919 00:44:57,036 --> 00:45:00,396 you're starting to get some great ideas. 920 00:45:00,646 --> 00:45:02,386 Yeah, I'd like to build a TED app, right? 921 00:45:02,386 --> 00:45:08,026 So, maybe I want to mash that up with Bing Maps or Google Maps 922 00:45:08,026 --> 00:45:09,026 or something like that, right? 923 00:45:09,026 --> 00:45:11,196 You create a really interesting application. 924 00:45:11,816 --> 00:45:14,046 The data is what makes it interesting. 925 00:45:14,896 --> 00:45:18,576 So, learning how to develop 926 00:45:18,576 --> 00:45:22,496 against these Open Data APIs is another very marketable skill. 927 00:45:23,516 --> 00:45:25,726 [ Pause ] 928 00:45:26,226 --> 00:45:28,376 Once you've identified-- where do I [inaudible]. 929 00:45:29,106 --> 00:45:32,796 Let's go here to Mashery. 930 00:45:33,326 --> 00:45:35,846 Mashery is a partner of ours. 931 00:45:37,376 --> 00:45:42,226 They-- there was called an API curator. 932 00:45:43,746 --> 00:45:45,636 Go ahead and sign in. 933 00:45:46,516 --> 00:45:51,456 [ Pause ] 934 00:45:51,956 --> 00:45:54,166 They've got over 50 APIs 935 00:45:54,166 --> 00:45:57,566 that they helped customers build and host. 936 00:45:58,546 --> 00:46:02,586 And one of the ones that I've worked with is Rotten Tomatoes. 937 00:46:03,406 --> 00:46:04,656 So I've just logged in. 938 00:46:05,066 --> 00:46:06,736 You can see all the different API keys I have. 939 00:46:06,736 --> 00:46:09,016 So once you start to work with these Open Data APIs, 940 00:46:09,016 --> 00:46:10,566 there's some things you need to know about. 941 00:46:12,316 --> 00:46:14,646 them. Many of them require you to get a developer key. 942 00:46:14,646 --> 00:46:15,986 It usually doesn't cost anything. 943 00:46:15,986 --> 00:46:18,146 You just have to register and then they give you a key. 944 00:46:18,486 --> 00:46:22,006 So, for example, if I go to the dynamic documentation here 945 00:46:22,006 --> 00:46:24,366 for Rotten Tomatoes, which is movie information, 946 00:46:24,606 --> 00:46:27,696 I've logged in so they know what my key is 947 00:46:27,696 --> 00:46:29,636 and I've just selected my developer key. 948 00:46:29,966 --> 00:46:33,316 And now I can use this API Explorer 949 00:46:33,316 --> 00:46:34,266 which is in the browser. 950 00:46:34,466 --> 00:46:38,316 It's just a browser app and I can say, "OK, I'm interested 951 00:46:38,316 --> 00:46:41,036 in building an app using the "In Theaters Data". 952 00:46:41,036 --> 00:46:42,476 Let me go ahead and try it. 953 00:46:42,586 --> 00:46:44,366 I want to see how this works. 954 00:46:44,866 --> 00:46:50,676 So I try it out and what I see is-- zoom in here. 955 00:46:51,216 --> 00:46:57,956 You can actually see what the API that they just fired, 956 00:46:57,956 --> 00:47:01,946 what it looks like, it's a URL and it's got some parameters 957 00:47:01,946 --> 00:47:05,016 on it and it ends with my developer key 958 00:47:05,386 --> 00:47:07,856 so they know who's making this call. 959 00:47:08,426 --> 00:47:08,896 And-- 960 00:47:10,516 --> 00:47:13,796 [ Pause ] 961 00:47:14,296 --> 00:47:17,826 -- they send you back, you know, what the data would look 962 00:47:17,826 --> 00:47:19,226 like which is right here. 963 00:47:19,796 --> 00:47:21,786 So again, I'll zoom in so we can see it a little better. 964 00:47:23,336 --> 00:47:27,346 This is the data coming back and it's coming back as JSON, 965 00:47:27,586 --> 00:47:29,146 JavaScript Object Notation. 966 00:47:30,076 --> 00:47:31,396 So, why does it do that? 967 00:47:32,266 --> 00:47:38,256 Well, APIs that are on the internet are architected 968 00:47:38,256 --> 00:47:40,106 to return very chunky data. 969 00:47:41,226 --> 00:47:43,486 Think of this, if you wanted to write an app that went 970 00:47:43,486 --> 00:47:48,366 and built a list of movies that someone could go see 971 00:47:48,366 --> 00:47:51,656 in a theater, would you want to make a call and say, "OK, 972 00:47:51,656 --> 00:47:53,506 give a movie," and that's one call. 973 00:47:53,506 --> 00:47:55,256 Now, make another call, give me the second movie. 974 00:47:55,976 --> 00:47:57,426 Now, give me the third movie, and you're doing 975 00:47:57,426 --> 00:48:00,556 that on the internet and you know how internet connectivity 976 00:48:01,216 --> 00:48:04,326 is, you know, only at the very beginning 977 00:48:04,326 --> 00:48:06,136 of what the capabilities of that are 978 00:48:06,486 --> 00:48:08,046 from an infrastructure perspective. 979 00:48:08,336 --> 00:48:10,076 It's not always perfect. 980 00:48:10,076 --> 00:48:11,016 It's not always fast. 981 00:48:11,916 --> 00:48:12,916 It's not always there. 982 00:48:13,506 --> 00:48:16,546 So, chunky data makes a lot more sense. 983 00:48:16,586 --> 00:48:22,536 Go get me 16 movies, all right, at a time or 20 movies at a time 984 00:48:22,716 --> 00:48:24,676 and not only that, not just the name of the movie, 985 00:48:24,676 --> 00:48:28,206 give me the title, the year, the rating. 986 00:48:28,556 --> 00:48:30,786 Give me critics' consensus. 987 00:48:31,206 --> 00:48:32,366 Give me the release date. 988 00:48:32,736 --> 00:48:34,176 Give me a synopsis. 989 00:48:34,176 --> 00:48:36,546 Give me movie poster thumbnails. 990 00:48:36,986 --> 00:48:39,296 So, it's pulling back a ton of information. 991 00:48:39,296 --> 00:48:41,636 Who are all the actors in the film, right? 992 00:48:41,636 --> 00:48:42,876 That's chunky data. 993 00:48:43,136 --> 00:48:48,096 That way, you can make one API call on this, you know, 994 00:48:48,096 --> 00:48:51,516 not very reliable internet connection. 995 00:48:52,126 --> 00:48:55,076 Get back a lot of data and now use it in the app. 996 00:48:56,116 --> 00:48:57,386 That makes a lot more sense. 997 00:48:57,736 --> 00:48:58,826 So, this is the classic, 998 00:48:58,826 --> 00:49:01,946 they used to call it chunky versus chatty, right? 999 00:49:02,536 --> 00:49:05,046 We want our Open Data APIs to be chunky. 1000 00:49:05,506 --> 00:49:06,796 Another thing you need to be aware 1001 00:49:06,796 --> 00:49:10,866 of about these APIs is they are sometimes throttled, 1002 00:49:11,436 --> 00:49:16,136 which means the folks who are hosting these APIs 1003 00:49:16,506 --> 00:49:18,476 and they're providing all these data for free, 1004 00:49:18,476 --> 00:49:20,986 you get a developer key but they might tell you, 1005 00:49:20,986 --> 00:49:24,416 you can only make two calls per second and no more 1006 00:49:24,416 --> 00:49:26,196 than 10,000 calls a day. 1007 00:49:26,706 --> 00:49:28,236 That might be one level of threshold. 1008 00:49:28,736 --> 00:49:31,306 Another one might be you can make, you know, 1009 00:49:31,306 --> 00:49:34,006 five calls per second but you're limited 1010 00:49:34,006 --> 00:49:35,136 to a hundred calls a day. 1011 00:49:35,136 --> 00:49:37,536 And if you want to do more than a hundred calls a day, 1012 00:49:37,536 --> 00:49:38,796 you need to pay us, right? 1013 00:49:39,036 --> 00:49:42,556 So there're those kinds of scenarios as well. 1014 00:49:42,916 --> 00:49:46,666 So do your research into the APIs you're interested in using, 1015 00:49:46,926 --> 00:49:50,446 determine if they are bottlenecked in anyway, 1016 00:49:50,446 --> 00:49:51,996 there's a threshold, a cap. 1017 00:49:52,436 --> 00:49:53,126 Is there a cost? 1018 00:49:53,316 --> 00:49:56,866 You know, what do you have to do to get a developer key? 1019 00:49:57,566 --> 00:49:59,456 But then, once you figured that out, you say, yeah, 1020 00:49:59,456 --> 00:50:00,856 this is a reasonable API. 1021 00:50:01,096 --> 00:50:01,786 It's open. 1022 00:50:01,786 --> 00:50:02,396 It's free. 1023 00:50:02,396 --> 00:50:03,816 It's not throttled, you know. 1024 00:50:03,956 --> 00:50:07,056 I can build an app and I can get a thousand people using my app 1025 00:50:07,456 --> 00:50:09,336 and all calling that API and I shouldn't have, 1026 00:50:09,336 --> 00:50:10,976 I shouldn't exceed any threshold. 1027 00:50:11,066 --> 00:50:16,106 That's kind of where you want to be to leverage these APIs. 1028 00:50:16,236 --> 00:50:17,406 So, I found my API. 1029 00:50:18,276 --> 00:50:21,206 I'm happy with the threshold limit. 1030 00:50:21,546 --> 00:50:22,616 Now I want to build an app. 1031 00:50:23,516 --> 00:50:30,246 [ Pause ] 1032 00:50:30,746 --> 00:50:32,776 So, the place to start. 1033 00:50:33,516 --> 00:50:35,646 [ Pause ] 1034 00:50:36,146 --> 00:50:38,156 When I go ahead and run this application, 1035 00:50:38,156 --> 00:50:39,496 at least you'll see what it looks like. 1036 00:50:39,496 --> 00:50:41,486 Then I'm going to come back and we'll walk through it. 1037 00:50:41,486 --> 00:50:42,996 We'll probably set some breakpoints. 1038 00:50:43,786 --> 00:50:45,456 So, another thing I'm pointing out here, 1039 00:50:45,656 --> 00:50:48,416 this is the Windows 8 emulator. 1040 00:50:48,416 --> 00:50:52,736 So this is another way to run and debug your Windows 8 app 1041 00:50:52,736 --> 00:50:54,476 so we have a phone emulator, 1042 00:50:54,476 --> 00:50:58,686 we also have a tablet emulator that's built into the tools. 1043 00:50:58,866 --> 00:50:59,946 So, you can run the app. 1044 00:50:59,946 --> 00:51:02,196 I could run this app locally on my machine 1045 00:51:02,376 --> 00:51:05,936 but I could also test it in this simulator. 1046 00:51:06,196 --> 00:51:11,356 So again, I can make sure that I could simulate touch 1047 00:51:11,356 --> 00:51:12,946 and I could change the resolution. 1048 00:51:12,946 --> 00:51:16,796 That's another nice feature of this. 1049 00:51:17,016 --> 00:51:20,476 Windows runs on a lot of different devices. 1050 00:51:20,476 --> 00:51:22,366 You want to make sure that if you're building an app 1051 00:51:22,366 --> 00:51:26,676 for Windows that it will work on anything from the size 1052 00:51:26,676 --> 00:51:28,426 of a surface all the way up, you know, 1053 00:51:28,426 --> 00:51:29,496 to one of these, all right? 1054 00:51:29,956 --> 00:51:33,436 So, built into the simulator is the ability 1055 00:51:33,436 --> 00:51:36,746 to change the screen resolution so you could actually see 1056 00:51:36,746 --> 00:51:38,956 if your layout is working regardless 1057 00:51:38,956 --> 00:51:41,466 of what monitor the user happens to be using. 1058 00:51:41,466 --> 00:51:43,046 So, here I am. 1059 00:51:43,046 --> 00:51:47,036 I just made that API call to Rotten Tomatoes 1060 00:51:47,386 --> 00:51:50,646 and I got back a bunch of movies which are in theaters 1061 00:51:51,256 --> 00:51:55,716 and I could select one of those movies and now I can see, 1062 00:51:55,716 --> 00:51:58,956 you know, before I got a thumbnail of the poster, now, 1063 00:51:58,956 --> 00:52:01,456 I can actually see this movie poster 1064 00:52:01,776 --> 00:52:04,066 and I'm getting a synopsis and the rating 1065 00:52:04,066 --> 00:52:04,906 and the audience score. 1066 00:52:04,906 --> 00:52:07,626 So I didn't have-- I pulled that data all the way back, right? 1067 00:52:07,626 --> 00:52:08,966 So, it came back. 1068 00:52:09,266 --> 00:52:10,276 It's in my app. 1069 00:52:10,276 --> 00:52:11,656 I'm now running-- you know, 1070 00:52:11,656 --> 00:52:13,476 working with this data completely locally 1071 00:52:13,476 --> 00:52:14,216 on the device. 1072 00:52:14,516 --> 00:52:16,436 And I can say, now I'm interested in some reviews. 1073 00:52:16,676 --> 00:52:18,606 Now, I'm going back out to the internet. 1074 00:52:18,826 --> 00:52:21,586 As soon as I said, I want to, you know, look at some reviews 1075 00:52:21,586 --> 00:52:28,306 of this movie, what Rotten Tomatoes gave me back was a link 1076 00:52:28,406 --> 00:52:33,436 to another API that I can invoke to get a list of reviews. 1077 00:52:33,966 --> 00:52:37,436 And then, for each review, now it's actually a webpage. 1078 00:52:37,916 --> 00:52:40,656 So I'm trying to connect to the New Yorker right now 1079 00:52:41,186 --> 00:52:43,956 and hopefully, that will come up in a second. 1080 00:52:44,096 --> 00:52:46,746 But I can see the list of reviews here 1081 00:52:47,386 --> 00:52:50,636 on the left hand side then I can actually read the review 1082 00:52:50,636 --> 00:52:54,176 of the Despicable Me now in the New Yorker, all right? 1083 00:52:54,176 --> 00:52:55,596 So that's what the app does. 1084 00:52:56,516 --> 00:53:03,096 [ Pause ] 1085 00:53:03,596 --> 00:53:08,636 So the way I built this app is I-- 1086 00:53:08,636 --> 00:53:10,696 one of the nice things about Rotten Tomatoes, 1087 00:53:11,936 --> 00:53:16,126 they actually give you nine different APIs that you can use. 1088 00:53:17,116 --> 00:53:19,176 The way they design them though is pretty clever. 1089 00:53:19,366 --> 00:53:23,006 Every API returns the same format of data. 1090 00:53:23,486 --> 00:53:25,496 So this is an interesting thing. 1091 00:53:25,496 --> 00:53:27,416 Another interesting thing you'll find when you start to dig 1092 00:53:27,416 --> 00:53:32,016 into these Open Data APIs, some of them are well designed, 1093 00:53:32,806 --> 00:53:36,526 some of them are not, or some of them just have-- 1094 00:53:36,526 --> 00:53:39,576 they weren't able to do something maybe based 1095 00:53:39,576 --> 00:53:40,606 on the data they're returning. 1096 00:53:40,606 --> 00:53:43,576 That is as clean as this. 1097 00:53:44,056 --> 00:53:46,716 So each one of these APIs and I've got them documented 1098 00:53:46,716 --> 00:53:50,196 in my code returns the same structure. 1099 00:53:50,196 --> 00:53:52,096 It's a list of movies as you saw before 1100 00:53:52,096 --> 00:53:53,846 in that JSON that I showed you. 1101 00:53:54,206 --> 00:53:59,246 I've also written a sample app that uses Edmunds which is 1102 00:53:59,246 --> 00:54:00,926 if you've ever been to Edmunds.com, 1103 00:54:01,186 --> 00:54:02,846 that's where you can go look up new 1104 00:54:02,846 --> 00:54:04,926 and used car information, right? 1105 00:54:04,926 --> 00:54:06,296 So they have a developer API. 1106 00:54:07,096 --> 00:54:10,016 Their developer API is one of the most complex that I've seen 1107 00:54:10,526 --> 00:54:13,496 because they have a vehicle API, they have a dealer API, 1108 00:54:13,786 --> 00:54:20,036 they have a deals API and they have, I believe, a reviews API. 1109 00:54:20,036 --> 00:54:23,466 And then, so each one of those APIs is actually a collection 1110 00:54:23,466 --> 00:54:26,296 of calls and each one of their calls returns a 1111 00:54:26,296 --> 00:54:27,286 different format. 1112 00:54:27,836 --> 00:54:30,626 So you actually have to study each individual API 1113 00:54:31,356 --> 00:54:33,986 and determine what the structure of it is to be able 1114 00:54:33,986 --> 00:54:34,686 to deal with the data. 1115 00:54:35,016 --> 00:54:37,866 So again, just be aware of that. 1116 00:54:38,086 --> 00:54:43,276 So, I have defined the APIs for Rotten Tomatoes. 1117 00:54:43,526 --> 00:54:44,886 I've got them all defined in here 1118 00:54:44,886 --> 00:54:48,556 so I can actually change this application to not show 1119 00:54:48,556 --> 00:54:49,786 in theaters information. 1120 00:54:49,786 --> 00:54:52,616 I could change it to show DVD top rentals. 1121 00:54:53,236 --> 00:54:54,176 So, how would I do that? 1122 00:54:55,516 --> 00:55:04,376 [ Pause ] 1123 00:55:04,876 --> 00:55:07,696 Well, let's see, the best way to understand this is 1124 00:55:07,696 --> 00:55:09,686 to probably set a few breakpoints. 1125 00:55:12,336 --> 00:55:13,886 So let's see, we're going 1126 00:55:13,886 --> 00:55:20,806 to set a breakpoint right there, and right there. 1127 00:55:20,806 --> 00:55:24,516 So this is the point in code where I'm actually going 1128 00:55:24,516 --> 00:55:27,916 to invoke the In Theaters API. 1129 00:55:28,736 --> 00:55:32,656 It's defined as a string. 1130 00:55:33,086 --> 00:55:36,896 The next thing that happens is we take that 1131 00:55:36,896 --> 00:55:42,816 and we use an object in the Win RT class library 1132 00:55:42,816 --> 00:55:44,456 called HttpClient. 1133 00:55:45,746 --> 00:55:48,566 That's the class that allows me to invoke a URL. 1134 00:55:49,346 --> 00:55:54,986 So I simply instantiate that and I call the GetStringAsync 1135 00:55:54,986 --> 00:55:56,876 that makes that API call. 1136 00:55:57,196 --> 00:55:58,746 We'll set a breakpoint here as well 1137 00:55:58,746 --> 00:55:59,936 so we can see what comes back. 1138 00:56:00,996 --> 00:56:03,156 The next thing I do-- now remember that comes back 1139 00:56:03,156 --> 00:56:05,426 as JavaScript object notation. 1140 00:56:05,976 --> 00:56:10,636 It's going to come back as a string, a giant string 1141 00:56:11,086 --> 00:56:13,386 that has all that movie information on it. 1142 00:56:14,046 --> 00:56:16,346 So how do I deal with it in my application? 1143 00:56:16,816 --> 00:56:18,696 The first step I have to do is just something called 1144 00:56:18,696 --> 00:56:22,716 deserialization and there's a library that does it for me. 1145 00:56:23,176 --> 00:56:26,356 It takes that string and it will deserialize it 1146 00:56:26,356 --> 00:56:28,916 into an object model in memory for me. 1147 00:56:29,456 --> 00:56:31,706 So, the only extra work I had 1148 00:56:31,706 --> 00:56:34,336 to do is actually define what that object model is. 1149 00:56:34,636 --> 00:56:37,176 Well there are tools that do that for you automatically. 1150 00:56:37,176 --> 00:56:38,826 So you don't have to necessarily write that code. 1151 00:56:38,826 --> 00:56:43,436 But once that code is generated, you end up with a class 1152 00:56:43,436 --> 00:56:45,236 that looks something like this. 1153 00:56:45,236 --> 00:56:51,206 So I've got Rotten Tomatoes movies, has a collection 1154 00:56:51,206 --> 00:56:56,496 of type movie and a movie is made up of an ID and a title 1155 00:56:56,496 --> 00:56:59,036 and a year and a rating and a run-time. 1156 00:56:59,036 --> 00:57:01,426 This is as all that same information you saw 1157 00:57:01,426 --> 00:57:03,046 in the JSON, right? 1158 00:57:03,316 --> 00:57:06,386 But now it's represented as a C# class. 1159 00:57:07,526 --> 00:57:11,366 And so the deserialization process takes the string of JSON 1160 00:57:11,806 --> 00:57:16,106 and turns it into a run-time object model based 1161 00:57:16,106 --> 00:57:18,086 on this class structure here. 1162 00:57:18,966 --> 00:57:21,476 One line of code does that, all right? 1163 00:57:21,526 --> 00:57:23,166 You simply have to have the class to define 1164 00:57:23,166 --> 00:57:24,976 and there are tools that generate it for you 1165 00:57:25,406 --> 00:57:29,346 and it's this line of code right there 1166 00:57:29,716 --> 00:57:34,836 that actually does the work, all right, 1167 00:57:34,836 --> 00:57:36,886 so we'll walk through that. 1168 00:57:36,886 --> 00:57:42,906 Now when a-- remember we're using Model View ViewModel, 1169 00:57:42,906 --> 00:57:43,246 right? 1170 00:57:43,246 --> 00:57:46,736 But what I get back from Rotten Tomatoes is not a ViewModel, 1171 00:57:46,766 --> 00:57:47,886 it's a data model. 1172 00:57:49,726 --> 00:57:52,256 So now that I have all this movie information, 1173 00:57:52,256 --> 00:57:56,186 it's extremely rich, it's more information than I want to put 1174 00:57:56,186 --> 00:58:00,286 on the screen and it's not in the format that's bindable 1175 00:58:00,286 --> 00:58:02,296 to the user interface controls. 1176 00:58:02,356 --> 00:58:06,526 So I have to map from the data model to a ViewModel and then 1177 00:58:06,526 --> 00:58:08,996 after that one line of code binds it to the UI. 1178 00:58:10,086 --> 00:58:13,436 So I have to define my ViewModel. 1179 00:58:15,776 --> 00:58:18,046 So a ViewModel would look something like this. 1180 00:58:18,446 --> 00:58:19,186 It's a movie. 1181 00:58:19,186 --> 00:58:20,866 Well, and this is the reviews, let me scroll down, 1182 00:58:20,866 --> 00:58:23,146 I'll get to the movie, information will start there. 1183 00:58:24,526 --> 00:58:25,666 I have a movie item. 1184 00:58:26,466 --> 00:58:28,856 It's derived from this base class. 1185 00:58:28,856 --> 00:58:30,556 Now what-- why is that? 1186 00:58:30,556 --> 00:58:32,786 Let me scroll up because I scrolled passed it already. 1187 00:58:34,676 --> 00:58:37,916 On Windows, what makes a class bindable is 1188 00:58:37,916 --> 00:58:41,006 that it implements the interface INotifyPropertyChanged. 1189 00:58:41,356 --> 00:58:46,326 Model View ViewModel means that you put your data in the form 1190 00:58:46,326 --> 00:58:49,626 of a ViewModel, you bind it to the UI control, 1191 00:58:49,626 --> 00:58:51,806 it could be a list view, it could be a drop down, 1192 00:58:51,806 --> 00:58:55,616 a combo box, a grid control, something like that. 1193 00:58:55,616 --> 00:58:58,696 If the user interacts with it and changes it, 1194 00:58:59,276 --> 00:59:02,426 you want your ViewModel to be notified 1195 00:59:02,686 --> 00:59:04,176 that the data has changed. 1196 00:59:04,646 --> 00:59:08,146 If your program changes the ViewModel, 1197 00:59:08,146 --> 00:59:13,096 you want the Model View to be notified that the data's changed 1198 00:59:13,096 --> 00:59:14,176 and update automatically. 1199 00:59:14,616 --> 00:59:18,156 All of that machinery of keeping the Model View in synch 1200 00:59:18,156 --> 00:59:20,646 with the View Model, the Model View in sync 1201 00:59:20,646 --> 00:59:24,626 with the View Model, is handled automatically by the platform, 1202 00:59:25,336 --> 00:59:28,836 whether your HTML 5 and JavaScript or your C# XAML, 1203 00:59:28,996 --> 00:59:30,956 C++ that's handled automatically. 1204 00:59:32,136 --> 00:59:34,296 You simply have to derive from the right, you know, 1205 00:59:34,296 --> 00:59:35,356 implement the right interface. 1206 00:59:35,356 --> 00:59:37,556 In this case it's INotifyPropertyChanged. 1207 00:59:37,966 --> 00:59:41,276 And there's the implementation. 1208 00:59:41,586 --> 00:59:45,096 So now that that's implemented, I can now derive classes 1209 00:59:45,096 --> 00:59:49,646 from this base class that are my ViewModel and that's all 1210 00:59:49,646 --> 00:59:52,836 that that's going on in this particular file right here. 1211 00:59:52,836 --> 00:59:57,676 So if I come down, where was I? 1212 00:59:57,676 --> 00:59:58,866 Movie item, all right? 1213 01:00:00,406 --> 01:00:05,706 So here's my movie item that's bindable and it simply got-- 1214 01:00:05,706 --> 01:00:09,466 it defines the data that I want to be able to put on the screen 1215 01:00:09,466 --> 01:00:12,016 and then accessors, get and set accessors. 1216 01:00:12,816 --> 01:00:14,916 That's it, very straight forward code. 1217 01:00:15,436 --> 01:00:21,266 And I'm being instant message by someone out at corporate. 1218 01:00:21,266 --> 01:00:23,736 So I'll just ignore that. 1219 01:00:24,616 --> 01:00:27,776 So let's see, so that's the ViewModel. 1220 01:00:28,626 --> 01:00:32,306 The last thing I want to show you is, OK, now every thing's 1221 01:00:32,306 --> 01:00:34,786 in the ViewModel then what happens? 1222 01:00:36,956 --> 01:00:39,736 Well, when that call returns all the way back up to the-- 1223 01:00:39,736 --> 01:00:42,366 to my user interface layer, I'm going to end up here 1224 01:00:42,896 --> 01:00:44,716 in the response from the call. 1225 01:00:45,256 --> 01:00:46,616 I'm going to get the data. 1226 01:00:46,756 --> 01:00:49,956 I'm going to copy it from the data model to the ViewModel 1227 01:00:50,196 --> 01:00:58,216 and this is the line of code that binds it to the UI. 1228 01:00:58,406 --> 01:01:00,436 We take all the movie data 1229 01:01:00,436 --> 01:01:04,606 and we simply say it's the default ViewModel for this-- 1230 01:01:05,086 --> 01:01:12,386 let me bring up this particular UI layout 1231 01:01:12,386 --> 01:01:13,706 which is implemented in XAML. 1232 01:01:14,516 --> 01:01:22,936 [ Pause ] 1233 01:01:23,436 --> 01:01:25,446 There's the binding definition right there, 1234 01:01:26,336 --> 01:01:27,346 collection view source. 1235 01:01:28,096 --> 01:01:30,396 So that's one of the nice features 1236 01:01:30,396 --> 01:01:33,636 about the platform is a lot of that plumbing, 1237 01:01:33,636 --> 01:01:37,616 all that capability that you expect these types 1238 01:01:37,616 --> 01:01:41,516 of applications to have it's build into the framework, 1239 01:01:41,686 --> 01:01:43,986 the class libraries that we provide in Win RT. 1240 01:01:43,986 --> 01:01:46,436 You just need to know how to wire it up. 1241 01:01:47,196 --> 01:01:48,956 When dealing with open data APIs. 1242 01:01:49,156 --> 01:01:50,666 You're going to make a call, you're going 1243 01:01:50,666 --> 01:01:52,336 to get back that string of JSON. 1244 01:01:52,336 --> 01:01:55,186 You're going to deserialize it into a data model. 1245 01:01:55,566 --> 01:01:58,686 You're going to map the data model to a ViewModel 1246 01:01:59,106 --> 01:02:02,976 and then simply-- and then your binding code will pick up after 1247 01:02:02,976 --> 01:02:03,916 that and you've got it on the screen. 1248 01:02:04,516 --> 01:02:11,886 [ Pause ] 1249 01:02:12,386 --> 01:02:16,876 Now, I wanted to show an app that was built that way, 1250 01:02:17,446 --> 01:02:19,706 but it's in an HTML 5 and JavaScript. 1251 01:02:20,206 --> 01:02:25,346 Now, this is not my code, I'm going to do my best to try 1252 01:02:25,346 --> 01:02:35,096 to at least point out a couple of interesting parts here. 1253 01:02:35,386 --> 01:02:40,856 Interesting in JavaScript that whole, you know, 1254 01:02:41,936 --> 01:02:47,356 invoking the API and getting back that string of JSON 1255 01:02:47,356 --> 01:02:49,406 that doesn't happen in JavaScript, why? 1256 01:02:49,406 --> 01:02:51,536 It's coming back in JavaScript logic notation. 1257 01:02:51,956 --> 01:02:54,476 So the nice thing about calling these APIs 1258 01:02:54,476 --> 01:02:57,826 from JavaScript is you get back an object model by default. 1259 01:02:58,076 --> 01:03:01,066 In C#, I have to map the string to an object model. 1260 01:03:01,066 --> 01:03:03,346 So it's one extra step in the implementation. 1261 01:03:04,066 --> 01:03:09,036 So here's an example of invoking the Meetup API in JavaScript. 1262 01:03:09,036 --> 01:03:10,536 Let's see if I can find the call. 1263 01:03:11,516 --> 01:03:14,546 [ Pause ] 1264 01:03:15,046 --> 01:03:17,466 I'll make sure I'm in the right places 1265 01:03:17,466 --> 01:03:19,016 and so this is not my code, here we go. 1266 01:03:20,056 --> 01:03:21,516 Get upcoming meetings. 1267 01:03:22,906 --> 01:03:26,706 So here's the API call that we want to make in our app, right? 1268 01:03:26,706 --> 01:03:28,856 It's in-- it's just a URL. 1269 01:03:29,346 --> 01:03:34,656 And we're setting up the parameters 1270 01:03:35,126 --> 01:03:39,576 and this is the built-in-- you could use, obviously, 1271 01:03:40,256 --> 01:03:43,826 you could use jQuery to do this using Ajax call. 1272 01:03:43,826 --> 01:03:47,626 But if you're using the Win RT JavaScript libraries you can 1273 01:03:47,626 --> 01:03:49,736 just use WinJS.xhr. 1274 01:03:50,566 --> 01:03:53,556 You give it the URL, the response type, 1275 01:03:53,556 --> 01:03:57,676 and then of course what code follows is the code 1276 01:03:57,676 --> 01:04:00,586 that is going to deal with the response. 1277 01:04:00,586 --> 01:04:05,586 So you can see we're just dropping into a foreach loop 1278 01:04:05,586 --> 01:04:07,176 and then we're just gathering the info-- 1279 01:04:07,176 --> 01:04:09,086 he's just gathering the information about each 1280 01:04:09,086 --> 01:04:13,626 of the Meetups and he's putting it into the right collections 1281 01:04:13,936 --> 01:04:18,256 that will be bound to the UI controls is exactly the same 1282 01:04:18,256 --> 01:04:21,166 pattern that we did in C# and XAML 1283 01:04:21,546 --> 01:04:26,206 but this is just using HTML 5 controls, CSS, and JavaScript 1284 01:04:26,206 --> 01:04:27,206 to do the implementation. 1285 01:04:27,656 --> 01:04:29,976 If I go ahead and run this-- 1286 01:04:30,516 --> 01:04:36,476 [ Pause ] 1287 01:04:36,976 --> 01:04:42,636 Here we go, so he's gotten back Meetups near Boston filtered 1288 01:04:42,636 --> 01:04:44,346 by keyword JavaScript. 1289 01:04:45,856 --> 01:04:49,586 And if I click on one of this it gives me a nice map 1290 01:04:50,126 --> 01:04:52,426 and is also going out and he's using, 1291 01:04:52,426 --> 01:04:53,836 this is a feature of Bing Maps. 1292 01:04:53,976 --> 01:04:57,746 So he's-- he is going to mash up between Meetup and Bing. 1293 01:04:58,626 --> 01:05:04,416 And so the Bing Map is showing you all of the coffee shops 1294 01:05:04,866 --> 01:05:09,396 that are near where the Meetup is happening, all right. 1295 01:05:09,616 --> 01:05:12,376 And so Bing has points of interest API. 1296 01:05:13,116 --> 01:05:15,286 So once you have the geolocation of the Meetup, 1297 01:05:15,286 --> 01:05:16,946 Meetup will give you a longitude, 1298 01:05:16,946 --> 01:05:20,906 latitude for the Meetup, you can use that with Bing to say, 1299 01:05:20,906 --> 01:05:23,026 give me back a list of points of interest. 1300 01:05:23,646 --> 01:05:25,326 And so that's the mash up he's doing here. 1301 01:05:25,706 --> 01:05:29,426 So again, interesting data makes for interesting applications. 1302 01:05:30,516 --> 01:05:35,586 [ Pause ] 1303 01:05:36,086 --> 01:05:40,906 And the last thing I'll show you before I go into the last part 1304 01:05:40,906 --> 01:05:50,636 of the talk here is-- that same pattern, 1305 01:05:51,126 --> 01:05:53,746 same capability is available on Windows phone 1306 01:05:53,956 --> 01:05:55,746 because I told you I did an implementation 1307 01:05:55,746 --> 01:05:57,996 for Edmunds, car data. 1308 01:05:58,386 --> 01:06:00,376 So that's what this application is doing. 1309 01:06:00,726 --> 01:06:02,016 It's going to go out to Edmunds. 1310 01:06:02,016 --> 01:06:10,726 It's going to get first a list of makes Acura, 1311 01:06:10,726 --> 01:06:13,236 Aston Martin, Audi and so on. 1312 01:06:14,576 --> 01:06:17,476 And if I'm interested in Audis I can click that 1313 01:06:17,476 --> 01:06:21,046 and I'll get a list of the models, so that came back 1314 01:06:21,636 --> 01:06:24,376 from Edmunds, and I say, you know, I'm interested in A8. 1315 01:06:24,376 --> 01:06:26,886 It's then going to show me-- 1316 01:06:26,886 --> 01:06:30,866 hopefully it will go back out to Edmunds and get me the images 1317 01:06:31,256 --> 01:06:37,576 of an Audi A8 so I can salivate over them. 1318 01:06:37,796 --> 01:06:41,796 My ultimate goal is to start a transportation business 1319 01:06:41,796 --> 01:06:44,576 like Jason Statham that's just a dream of mine 1320 01:06:45,376 --> 01:06:46,706 to be a transporter so anyway. 1321 01:06:46,706 --> 01:06:49,826 You have to know that movie I guess to get the joke. 1322 01:06:50,186 --> 01:06:50,626 No problem. 1323 01:06:52,066 --> 01:06:56,206 So we have the same capability in Windows phone, any questions? 1324 01:06:56,416 --> 01:06:56,826 Very good. 1325 01:06:58,416 --> 01:07:04,856 So this is just a visual of that pattern that I talked about. 1326 01:07:04,926 --> 01:07:05,756 We invoke the API. 1327 01:07:05,756 --> 01:07:07,396 It's an asynchronous call. 1328 01:07:08,006 --> 01:07:09,296 That's also important. 1329 01:07:09,296 --> 01:07:11,466 These calls you make this open data APIs 1330 01:07:11,466 --> 01:07:13,936 and we fully support an asynchronous model 1331 01:07:13,936 --> 01:07:15,926 on the phone and on Windows. 1332 01:07:15,926 --> 01:07:18,486 It's an asynchronous call that means you're-- 1333 01:07:18,856 --> 01:07:22,386 the user is not waiting for that call to return. 1334 01:07:22,386 --> 01:07:25,506 They can keep using your app, they can go use another app, 1335 01:07:26,086 --> 01:07:27,816 and then when the call returns, 1336 01:07:28,186 --> 01:07:31,116 your application will be notified. 1337 01:07:31,146 --> 01:07:32,946 That's where you'll do the deserialization. 1338 01:07:32,946 --> 01:07:36,036 If necessary copy to the ViewModel 1339 01:07:36,036 --> 01:07:36,896 and then bind to the UI. 1340 01:07:37,646 --> 01:07:39,696 And we did all of that. 1341 01:07:40,576 --> 01:07:41,786 So now I'm just going to dive 1342 01:07:41,786 --> 01:07:43,876 into this cross-platform app development 1343 01:07:43,876 --> 01:07:45,436 landscape discussion. 1344 01:07:47,166 --> 01:07:53,296 For C# developers, this is one of the best options you have 1345 01:07:53,296 --> 01:07:58,086 out there for a cross-platform support for iOS, for Android, 1346 01:07:58,086 --> 01:08:04,316 for Windows is with the tools and the frameworks from Xamarin. 1347 01:08:04,766 --> 01:08:07,556 They're actually based-- they're headquartered here 1348 01:08:07,626 --> 01:08:10,026 at Harvard Square. 1349 01:08:10,576 --> 01:08:13,696 The founder of this company is Miguel de Icaza, 1350 01:08:14,346 --> 01:08:20,986 he many years ago when Microsoft open sourced the .net framework 1351 01:08:20,986 --> 01:08:24,846 and the C# language and standardized it, he took that 1352 01:08:24,846 --> 01:08:27,366 and he created that implementation from Linux. 1353 01:08:28,216 --> 01:08:31,966 And so he's been making his living building cross-platform 1354 01:08:32,416 --> 01:08:37,766 tools and libraries based on C# and the .net framework for-- 1355 01:08:37,766 --> 01:08:39,656 it's going to be 10 or 12 years now. 1356 01:08:40,386 --> 01:08:43,596 And the latest incarnation is Xamarin 1357 01:08:44,146 --> 01:08:50,226 and they provide a cross platform framework 1358 01:08:50,436 --> 01:08:53,776 for targeting, you know, all the mobile platforms 1359 01:08:54,876 --> 01:08:58,856 and the nice thing here is-- to our discussion earlier, 1360 01:08:59,386 --> 01:09:03,236 you can get 60, 70 percent code reuse. 1361 01:09:03,456 --> 01:09:07,256 Their model is, you know, port the business logic, 1362 01:09:07,306 --> 01:09:10,316 the cloud integration, the database access, that's portable 1363 01:09:10,666 --> 01:09:13,396 but do your user interface natively for each 1364 01:09:13,986 --> 01:09:16,086 because there's no substitute 1365 01:09:16,086 --> 01:09:17,796 for a native UI, there just isn't. 1366 01:09:18,756 --> 01:09:20,616 This has been something we've been trying to solve 1367 01:09:20,616 --> 01:09:21,926 and computer science for many years. 1368 01:09:21,926 --> 01:09:23,276 You can go back to the '80s. 1369 01:09:23,276 --> 01:09:25,136 There were companies that were trying to spin 1370 01:09:25,786 --> 01:09:30,716 up cross-platform UI, frameworks, and tools 1371 01:09:30,716 --> 01:09:33,106 and they began to be called-- 1372 01:09:33,106 --> 01:09:36,706 they were referred to as least common denominator or LCD 1373 01:09:37,066 --> 01:09:40,116 which meant they were the poorest implementation 1374 01:09:40,116 --> 01:09:42,796 on every platform they ran on, all right? 1375 01:09:43,156 --> 01:09:44,556 So that's not where you want to be. 1376 01:09:44,556 --> 01:09:45,876 You don't want to be least common. 1377 01:09:45,876 --> 01:09:47,716 You want your app to sing 1378 01:09:47,716 --> 01:09:50,536 and to just be the most fantastic experience 1379 01:09:51,106 --> 01:09:52,616 on whatever mobile device that's on. 1380 01:09:52,926 --> 01:09:56,786 But at the same time, if you want to have the farthest reach, 1381 01:09:56,986 --> 01:10:00,296 the most opportunity for downloads and for monetization 1382 01:10:00,296 --> 01:10:03,346 and all of that, you want to be on as many mobile platforms 1383 01:10:03,346 --> 01:10:05,466 as possible so you need a strategy. 1384 01:10:05,926 --> 01:10:08,606 It might be native on each platform, that's a strategy. 1385 01:10:09,046 --> 01:10:11,506 Could be crossed platform with something like Xamarin 1386 01:10:11,506 --> 01:10:13,816 which means you're going to develop in C# 1387 01:10:13,816 --> 01:10:16,506 and you can actually do debugging in Visual Studio 1388 01:10:16,506 --> 01:10:20,176 for Android, and for Apple, and for Windows 1389 01:10:20,176 --> 01:10:21,816 so it's a great development experience. 1390 01:10:22,016 --> 01:10:23,036 They've got a great product here. 1391 01:10:23,036 --> 01:10:27,886 A lot of applications are beginning to take advantage 1392 01:10:28,326 --> 01:10:34,006 of that, earlier stated, your HTML5 developer, phone gap, 1393 01:10:34,006 --> 01:10:39,546 fantastic option for a cross platform solution, all right. 1394 01:10:40,516 --> 01:10:42,836 [ Pause ] 1395 01:10:43,336 --> 01:10:44,926 If you're a game developer, 1396 01:10:46,396 --> 01:10:50,706 Unity just released their Windows 8 Windows phone support 1397 01:10:50,706 --> 01:10:51,456 for Unity. 1398 01:10:51,736 --> 01:10:54,866 So you can now, you know, take your-- 1399 01:10:55,036 --> 01:10:57,766 we're actually told by Unity that about half the games 1400 01:10:57,766 --> 01:10:59,706 in the iOS store are built with Unity. 1401 01:11:00,366 --> 01:11:02,416 So we know there's a lot of Unity developers out there. 1402 01:11:02,416 --> 01:11:03,586 It's a great tool. 1403 01:11:03,586 --> 01:11:06,686 It's on the high end but, you know, 1404 01:11:06,686 --> 01:11:11,046 under the covers it's C #. It's actually using the cross 1405 01:11:11,046 --> 01:11:13,036 platform implementation of C# 1406 01:11:13,036 --> 01:11:15,436 that Miguel has it designed years ago. 1407 01:11:15,976 --> 01:11:17,386 So it's called the Mono Framework. 1408 01:11:17,956 --> 01:11:23,176 And so you can build games that target all the platforms. 1409 01:11:24,996 --> 01:11:28,246 There's another framework, this one's very interesting. 1410 01:11:28,406 --> 01:11:33,086 It's called MonoGame, again same community, you see those kind 1411 01:11:33,086 --> 01:11:34,816 of a-- when the C# world, 1412 01:11:34,816 --> 01:11:37,356 if you want to go cross platform you're working 1413 01:11:37,356 --> 01:11:38,296 in what's called Mono. 1414 01:11:38,296 --> 01:11:40,986 So it's MonoGame or it's the Mono Framework which is used 1415 01:11:40,986 --> 01:11:43,696 by Unity or it's Zemuron which is using Mono 1416 01:11:43,696 --> 01:11:45,876 and its implementation. 1417 01:11:46,446 --> 01:11:48,546 So it's having a lot of impact. 1418 01:11:49,096 --> 01:11:51,896 MonoGame is a cross platform implementation 1419 01:11:51,896 --> 01:11:54,186 of Microsoft's XNA Framework. 1420 01:11:54,186 --> 01:11:57,536 So if you're familiar with building games for Xbox 1421 01:11:57,536 --> 01:12:00,996 or for Windows or Windows Phone, the framework was called XNA. 1422 01:12:02,146 --> 01:12:04,876 The cross platform version of that is MonoGame 1423 01:12:05,236 --> 01:12:07,016 and there are games like ARMED! 1424 01:12:07,016 --> 01:12:09,806 that are in the Windows 8 store that are built on MonoGame. 1425 01:12:09,806 --> 01:12:11,776 I'd built one myself and put it in the store, 1426 01:12:12,006 --> 01:12:13,336 works incredibly well. 1427 01:12:13,416 --> 01:12:18,986 It's very straightforward way of doing game development 1428 01:12:18,986 --> 01:12:24,766 and it supports Android and iOS and Xbox 1429 01:12:24,766 --> 01:12:26,746 and Windows and you name it. 1430 01:12:27,516 --> 01:12:29,596 [ Pause ] 1431 01:12:30,096 --> 01:12:34,416 If you're an HTML developer and you're a game developer, 1432 01:12:34,416 --> 01:12:35,976 you might want to look at something 1433 01:12:35,976 --> 01:12:39,616 like GameMaker Studio from YoYo Games. 1434 01:12:40,526 --> 01:12:44,706 This is a cross platform game development tool. 1435 01:12:45,066 --> 01:12:48,486 It will generate HTML5 and JavaScript and allow you 1436 01:12:48,486 --> 01:12:51,776 to target all the different mobile platforms. 1437 01:12:52,516 --> 01:12:54,756 [ Pause ] 1438 01:12:55,256 --> 01:12:58,726 There's another one like that, that's called Construct 2 1439 01:12:58,726 --> 01:13:00,336 from a company called Scirra. 1440 01:13:02,396 --> 01:13:05,806 We actually use this in all of our game workshops. 1441 01:13:05,946 --> 01:13:09,146 With students and professionals we use Construct 2. 1442 01:13:09,486 --> 01:13:13,646 That's because the free version is very, very powerful 1443 01:13:13,646 --> 01:13:17,276 and you can publish to Windows Phone and to Windows 8 1444 01:13:17,486 --> 01:13:18,956 with their free edition. 1445 01:13:18,956 --> 01:13:20,966 You have to understand that each one 1446 01:13:20,966 --> 01:13:23,756 of these tools showing you has a cost to it. 1447 01:13:24,546 --> 01:13:27,036 This one, what's nice about is no cost 1448 01:13:27,426 --> 01:13:29,856 for targeting Windows at least. 1449 01:13:29,856 --> 01:13:32,616 If you get into iOS and Android then there maybe a cost 1450 01:13:32,936 --> 01:13:37,976 to getting that export capability turned on, all right. 1451 01:13:38,081 --> 01:13:40,081 [ Pause ] 1452 01:13:40,146 --> 01:13:41,626 Another one's called Gamesolid. 1453 01:13:42,986 --> 01:13:46,116 You see there's several of these, all very similar. 1454 01:13:46,116 --> 01:13:48,876 They're all leveraging HTML5 in JavaScript 1455 01:13:48,876 --> 01:13:51,446 in the code generation. 1456 01:13:51,796 --> 01:13:54,616 But the act of building the game is drag and drop, 1457 01:13:54,966 --> 01:13:56,396 that's one of the nice things about these tools. 1458 01:13:56,396 --> 01:13:58,716 You're not in the code, you're-- 1459 01:13:58,716 --> 01:14:01,246 if you're a game developer you want to focus on the artwork, 1460 01:14:01,246 --> 01:14:05,446 the assets, the sound, the gameplay, the heads up display, 1461 01:14:05,446 --> 01:14:07,696 the layers things like that. 1462 01:14:07,836 --> 01:14:09,896 That's what these tools are good at, they give you an IDE, 1463 01:14:09,896 --> 01:14:13,596 you lay everything out, you say what the rules are of the game, 1464 01:14:13,976 --> 01:14:16,266 and then you test it in the browser, 1465 01:14:16,566 --> 01:14:18,296 and when something doesn't work just right, 1466 01:14:18,336 --> 01:14:20,976 you don't go change code, you're back into their tool 1467 01:14:20,976 --> 01:14:22,806 and you're modifying properties of objects, 1468 01:14:22,806 --> 01:14:24,246 some things with that, so it's all visual. 1469 01:14:24,716 --> 01:14:30,956 If you are into the code then another choice is create JS. 1470 01:14:31,346 --> 01:14:33,456 This is a suite of JavaScript libraries 1471 01:14:33,456 --> 01:14:34,666 that help you build games. 1472 01:14:34,666 --> 01:14:36,156 There's one example out there 1473 01:14:36,466 --> 01:14:39,486 that does a complete implementation of which is got 1474 01:14:39,486 --> 01:14:42,866 to be about 15 or 20 different Atari games. 1475 01:14:43,376 --> 01:14:45,986 All done in the-- they run in the browser, 1476 01:14:46,236 --> 01:14:49,856 they've also imported to Windows 8 and this is the bit.ly. 1477 01:14:49,856 --> 01:14:51,186 It's kind of cryptic. 1478 01:14:51,186 --> 01:14:54,586 I didn't come up with a proper name but it's bit.ly/R-- 1479 01:14:54,586 --> 01:15:01,596 capital R3, lower case v2, capital D capital H. 1480 01:15:01,986 --> 01:15:04,356 And at least you'll get to the website and you can check 1481 01:15:04,356 --> 01:15:09,316 out all the apps there that have been built with CreateJS. 1482 01:15:09,706 --> 01:15:11,216 There's also one of-- a member 1483 01:15:11,216 --> 01:15:18,356 of the team built the Catapult Wars and did it with CreateJS 1484 01:15:18,356 --> 01:15:21,066 and put that into the Windows 8 store and there's the bit.ly 1485 01:15:21,066 --> 01:15:23,686 for that if you're interested in reading up on how that was done. 1486 01:15:24,516 --> 01:15:26,946 [ Pause ] 1487 01:15:27,446 --> 01:15:30,796 I'll make these slides available too after. 1488 01:15:31,026 --> 01:15:35,596 Another game development framework is impactJS 1489 01:15:36,026 --> 01:15:39,446 and a guy-- I told you about him earlier, Jesse Freeman who is 1490 01:15:39,446 --> 01:15:42,076 on my team, he's on New York, 1491 01:15:42,296 --> 01:15:44,856 he wrote the book called 'HTML5 Game Development. 1492 01:15:44,856 --> 01:15:50,316 Iit's all about how to build HTML5 games using ImpactJS. 1493 01:15:50,356 --> 01:15:54,396 He's built-- he's just got tons of sample code online, 1494 01:15:54,396 --> 01:15:58,736 he's got a book, he's quite good and he has a bunch of games 1495 01:15:58,736 --> 01:15:59,826 in the store right now. 1496 01:15:59,826 --> 01:16:03,316 His favorite is, you got that he likes that old 8 bit look 1497 01:16:03,316 --> 01:16:04,356 and feel to the artwork. 1498 01:16:04,826 --> 01:16:07,376 So he creates a lot of his own artwork 1499 01:16:07,376 --> 01:16:11,446 and builds these games using HTML5 and JavaScript. 1500 01:16:11,446 --> 01:16:12,996 And he gets them running in the browser 1501 01:16:12,996 --> 01:16:14,816 and then he gets them running on Windows 1502 01:16:15,206 --> 01:16:17,816 and now he's forwarding them to the phone. 1503 01:16:18,516 --> 01:16:20,616 [ Pause ] 1504 01:16:21,116 --> 01:16:24,146 So just to close out, so I'm right at time, 1505 01:16:25,206 --> 01:16:28,516 is I want to make sure you know about DreamSpark. 1506 01:16:28,516 --> 01:16:31,466 Now if you go to DreamSpark.com, you could register there 1507 01:16:31,466 --> 01:16:34,856 but it sounds like what you should do is find out the URL 1508 01:16:34,856 --> 01:16:37,996 or the Harvard DreamSpark site. 1509 01:16:38,696 --> 01:16:41,196 And if you go in there, you can get Windows, 1510 01:16:41,196 --> 01:16:44,446 you can get Visual Studio, you can get SQL Server, you can get, 1511 01:16:44,876 --> 01:16:47,196 you know, everything but an Xbox all right? 1512 01:16:47,196 --> 01:16:49,216 You can get basically all of our stuff there. 1513 01:16:49,506 --> 01:16:51,756 So download the development tools, download the SDKs. 1514 01:16:51,756 --> 01:16:53,706 You also get a free Windows 8 1515 01:16:53,706 --> 01:16:56,716 and a free Windows Phone developer account that's a 150 1516 01:16:56,716 --> 01:16:57,416 dollar value. 1517 01:16:58,056 --> 01:17:00,296 All right, so students get account for free. 1518 01:17:00,296 --> 01:17:02,216 I want to make sure you guys get access to that. 1519 01:17:03,026 --> 01:17:05,166 App builders are site for developers. 1520 01:17:05,416 --> 01:17:09,306 If you go there and register build.windowsstore.com, 1521 01:17:09,706 --> 01:17:12,906 there's-- you can earn points, you can register your apps, 1522 01:17:12,906 --> 01:17:15,936 they can send you on some quests and you'll earn, you know, 1523 01:17:15,936 --> 01:17:17,866 you'll earn points to be able to win stuff. 1524 01:17:17,936 --> 01:17:22,426 There's also a ton-- a ton of training material up there 1525 01:17:22,656 --> 01:17:25,056 if you're looking for either apps or games. 1526 01:17:25,056 --> 01:17:28,166 Some other training I found that might me, you know, 1527 01:17:28,256 --> 01:17:30,856 really applicable to what you're doing now is there is a C# 1528 01:17:30,856 --> 01:17:35,056 fundamentals online course set of videos 1529 01:17:35,526 --> 01:17:38,086 and then there's also Windows Phone 8 for beginners. 1530 01:17:38,346 --> 01:17:41,036 So if you're just getting into the space, you just want "Hey, 1531 01:17:41,036 --> 01:17:43,526 I just need to learn some C# and I need to just get started 1532 01:17:43,526 --> 01:17:47,096 with Windows Phone," those two resources are fantastic. 1533 01:17:47,096 --> 01:17:50,336 And then the work I was showing you is a project 1534 01:17:50,336 --> 01:17:55,736 that my team did called APIMASH which is at aka.ms/apimash 1535 01:17:55,736 --> 01:17:58,526 and that will take you to GitHub. 1536 01:17:59,716 --> 01:18:02,926 So we post all of our stuff up on GitHub. 1537 01:18:04,336 --> 01:18:06,406 So we've got a bunch of StarterKits up there. 1538 01:18:06,756 --> 01:18:09,576 If you scroll down, we have StarterKits for Windows 1539 01:18:09,576 --> 01:18:12,456 and for Windows phone and we're actually expanding this list. 1540 01:18:12,456 --> 01:18:14,956 So everything you see here is being ported over the phone. 1541 01:18:14,956 --> 01:18:19,076 But we've got active access on Chuck Norris StarterKit, 1542 01:18:19,076 --> 01:18:22,476 Earthquakes and Bing Maps, Edmunds, Facebook, Foursquare, 1543 01:18:22,476 --> 01:18:25,846 Instagram, Meetup, Messier Sky Objects, Rotten Tomatoes, 1544 01:18:26,146 --> 01:18:30,726 Stack Exchange, Tumblr, Twitter, Univision, Wikipedia, 1545 01:18:30,726 --> 01:18:34,036 World of Warcraft, Yelp and ESPN. 1546 01:18:34,036 --> 01:18:38,836 All of these are all functional Windows 8 apps with the code. 1547 01:18:39,326 --> 01:18:41,066 And everything I showed you, 1548 01:18:41,066 --> 01:18:42,986 that's the pattern they're all using. 1549 01:18:42,986 --> 01:18:47,106 That whole open data API call deserialize bind to the UI. 1550 01:18:47,276 --> 01:18:50,726 If you're interested in seeing how you get started building 1551 01:18:50,726 --> 01:18:52,516 for Windows 8 and for Windows phone, 1552 01:18:52,836 --> 01:18:55,766 these are fantastic resources here all built by my team. 1553 01:18:56,306 --> 01:18:58,966 So it's all creates up on GitHub. 1554 01:18:59,296 --> 01:19:01,056 The way to do it is you just go to that site 1555 01:19:01,056 --> 01:19:05,346 and click the download zip file. 1556 01:19:06,296 --> 01:19:09,876 So we also include a Lab Workbook, 1557 01:19:10,356 --> 01:19:12,686 there's three Lab Workbooks in there just to kind of take you 1558 01:19:12,686 --> 01:19:14,966 through how to get started with this stuff, all right. 1559 01:19:15,826 --> 01:19:18,616 So I want to make sure you are aware of that and with 1560 01:19:18,616 --> 01:19:19,976 that thank you very much. 1561 01:19:20,516 --> 01:19:25,996 [ Applause ] 1562 01:19:26,496 --> 01:19:27,326 >> Thank you so much Bob. 1563 01:19:27,326 --> 01:19:30,896 We've been deposted at C76.net, an instructions 1564 01:19:30,896 --> 01:19:32,566 for how you can get access to a DreamSpark account-- 1565 01:19:32,566 --> 01:19:32,906 >> Beautiful. 1566 01:19:32,906 --> 01:19:33,856 >> -- so actually you can get that 1567 01:19:33,856 --> 01:19:35,476 and then we'll post the slides later tonight. 1568 01:19:35,556 --> 01:19:36,126 >> Fantastic. 1569 01:19:36,226 --> 01:19:36,806 >> Thank you so much. 1570 01:19:36,806 --> 01:19:37,156 >> Thank you. 1571 01:19:37,156 --> 01:19:38,246 >> Why don't we go ahead 1572 01:19:38,246 --> 01:19:40,076 and take few minute break here while Dan get set up 1573 01:19:40,076 --> 01:19:42,286 and then we'll transition to the third and final platform 1574 01:19:42,286 --> 01:19:43,526 for the evening, Android. 1575 01:19:44,016 --> 01:19:45,396 [ Pause ] 1576 01:19:45,396 --> 01:19:50,166 All right, we're back so the third act here is Dan Armendariz 1577 01:19:50,166 --> 01:19:52,256 who actually started this class several years ago. 1578 01:19:52,256 --> 01:19:55,896 What's the origin of C76 can be traced back to him 1579 01:19:56,706 --> 01:19:58,616 and a colleague of his and it was-- 1580 01:19:58,616 --> 01:20:01,066 I came along a year or so after that 1581 01:20:01,066 --> 01:20:02,256 that I finally got involved. 1582 01:20:02,256 --> 01:20:05,846 So everything you've seen thus far is all traces back to Dan. 1583 01:20:05,946 --> 01:20:08,016 So, Dan is going to look at Android develop fellows 1584 01:20:08,346 --> 01:20:10,536 and without further ado, Dan Armendariz. 1585 01:20:11,046 --> 01:20:11,326 >> Thanks. 1586 01:20:12,016 --> 01:20:14,356 Hi everyone, it's nice to be back. 1587 01:20:14,436 --> 01:20:16,716 So, speaking a note in a contact and from 1588 01:20:16,716 --> 01:20:18,416 where you're sitting it doesn't really seem that way. 1589 01:20:18,756 --> 01:20:20,436 The cause is very different back then. 1590 01:20:20,826 --> 01:20:24,496 Just like mobile development has really evolved over the years. 1591 01:20:24,496 --> 01:20:26,696 In fact in the best years since the last time 1592 01:20:26,696 --> 01:20:29,686 that I actually co-talked this class with David. 1593 01:20:30,376 --> 01:20:35,436 Android development has gotten a lot better in at least 1594 01:20:35,436 --> 01:20:36,306 in the initial set up. 1595 01:20:36,306 --> 01:20:39,506 So, we're going to talk about as quickly as we can. 1596 01:20:39,506 --> 01:20:41,936 We're going to try to shoehorn what I use 1597 01:20:41,936 --> 01:20:46,816 to put four weeks worth of content into 1 hour. 1598 01:20:46,816 --> 01:20:49,126 So, please allow me simply way 1599 01:20:49,126 --> 01:20:50,546 as I go a little quickly through some things. 1600 01:20:50,546 --> 01:20:51,726 Of course if you have any questions, 1601 01:20:51,726 --> 01:20:54,836 you can interrupt it anytime and hopefully we'll be able 1602 01:20:54,836 --> 01:20:58,396 to get you guys comfortable in such a way that you'll be able 1603 01:20:58,396 --> 01:21:02,166 to do some Android development soon as you go home. 1604 01:21:02,166 --> 01:21:04,826 So, just that I can sort of get a sense of where everybody is. 1605 01:21:05,116 --> 01:21:08,606 How many of you used an iOS device 1606 01:21:08,686 --> 01:21:11,036 as your say primary phone in iPhone? 1607 01:21:12,416 --> 01:21:14,326 That's just about everybody. 1608 01:21:14,876 --> 01:21:18,016 Now, is-- are there any of you that using Android device 1609 01:21:18,016 --> 01:21:18,916 as your primary phone? 1610 01:21:19,746 --> 01:21:22,426 OK. So, for those of you that have your hands up, 1611 01:21:22,426 --> 01:21:25,686 is that constant, do you always use 1612 01:21:25,686 --> 01:21:28,016 that device rather than an iOS device? 1613 01:21:28,016 --> 01:21:30,646 All right, so, for those of you that had your hands up, 1614 01:21:30,646 --> 01:21:32,756 you probably are familiar with the differences 1615 01:21:32,756 --> 01:21:35,226 between the experience 1616 01:21:35,226 --> 01:21:37,106 of an android device and an iOS device. 1617 01:21:37,106 --> 01:21:38,826 And this is actually really important is that. 1618 01:21:38,826 --> 01:21:43,226 In order to develop on one of these platforms, 1619 01:21:43,226 --> 01:21:46,746 it really is useful to have a sense of what 1620 01:21:46,886 --> 01:21:48,976 that platform is actually liked to be able to use it. 1621 01:21:49,396 --> 01:21:50,876 And so, if you are serious 1622 01:21:50,876 --> 01:21:53,036 about actually doing cross platform work just 1623 01:21:53,036 --> 01:21:56,736 to reiterate comments that the [inaudible] the first hour, 1624 01:21:57,126 --> 01:22:00,396 it's really helpful to get a sense of that experience 1625 01:22:00,396 --> 01:22:02,386 at how you actually want to replicate 1626 01:22:02,386 --> 01:22:04,016 that on this other device. 1627 01:22:04,616 --> 01:22:08,086 And even though Android is considered 1628 01:22:08,086 --> 01:22:11,106 to be the primary competitor to iOS, it's really difficult 1629 01:22:11,106 --> 01:22:15,646 to put them I think on that same sort of comparison, they operate 1630 01:22:15,646 --> 01:22:16,436 in very different ways, 1631 01:22:16,436 --> 01:22:20,486 they have very different reasonings behind very different 1632 01:22:20,486 --> 01:22:22,516 decision that went into their implementation. 1633 01:22:23,036 --> 01:22:26,506 And there's a lot of maybe let's see, 1634 01:22:26,796 --> 01:22:28,436 what is the proper word to use here. 1635 01:22:28,706 --> 01:22:30,326 There's perhaps a lot of difference 1636 01:22:30,326 --> 01:22:33,666 between the two that's in a large confusion between the two 1637 01:22:34,016 --> 01:22:37,706 that really just arise from this sort of basic differences, 1638 01:22:37,706 --> 01:22:41,016 this basic differences that arose initially 1639 01:22:41,016 --> 01:22:43,956 from when Google was first started developing the Android 1640 01:22:43,956 --> 01:22:48,076 and when Apple first started developing iPhone and iOS. 1641 01:22:48,846 --> 01:22:52,016 So, this is actually pretty important for us 1642 01:22:52,016 --> 01:22:54,456 as well as developers. 1643 01:22:55,236 --> 01:23:00,476 So, for us as developers, what are some of the differences 1644 01:23:00,476 --> 01:23:02,486 that we typically hear about the-- 1645 01:23:02,576 --> 01:23:05,316 about developing for iOS versus developing for Android? 1646 01:23:05,846 --> 01:23:12,256 If you were to go out unto a tech blog and read the comments 1647 01:23:12,256 --> 01:23:14,206 that people always post whenever Apple 1648 01:23:14,206 --> 01:23:17,386 or whenever Google updates one of their hardware devices. 1649 01:23:17,386 --> 01:23:19,726 People always complain about the same sorts of things, right? 1650 01:23:19,726 --> 01:23:20,796 What are these differences? 1651 01:23:21,766 --> 01:23:24,766 What do Android users dislike about iPhones 1652 01:23:24,766 --> 01:23:27,396 and what do iPhone users dislike about Android, any ideas? 1653 01:23:27,396 --> 01:23:27,486 Yes. 1654 01:23:27,486 --> 01:23:28,866 >> [Inaudible] you know just like how as a [inaudible], 1655 01:23:28,866 --> 01:23:30,216 you have much limited perspective on iOS rather 1656 01:23:30,216 --> 01:23:41,376 than Android before functionality that [inaudible]. 1657 01:23:41,376 --> 01:23:44,066 >> So, perhaps if I could summarize that in a way to say 1658 01:23:44,066 --> 01:23:45,636 that people consider Android 1659 01:23:45,636 --> 01:23:49,736 to be a little bit more open than iOS. 1660 01:23:49,736 --> 01:23:52,556 And so, that is certainly true in many respective in for us 1661 01:23:52,556 --> 01:23:55,566 as developers when you'd create the developer account 1662 01:23:55,946 --> 01:23:58,756 with Google, you pay a one time 25 dollar fee, 1663 01:23:58,756 --> 01:24:01,896 you have an account with them basically that 25 dollar fee is 1664 01:24:01,896 --> 01:24:05,406 to weed out to people that just want to create, you know, 1665 01:24:05,406 --> 01:24:07,506 flood the store with spam. 1666 01:24:07,906 --> 01:24:10,086 It's not a terribly high fee 1667 01:24:10,086 --> 01:24:11,476 but it is one fee that you have to do. 1668 01:24:11,476 --> 01:24:14,886 But then after that, you're free to submit your applications 1669 01:24:14,886 --> 01:24:16,676 to the store, there's no review process 1670 01:24:17,206 --> 01:24:20,516 and you basically create your application, you publish it 1671 01:24:20,516 --> 01:24:22,326 to the store and then that's it, it's up and ready 1672 01:24:22,366 --> 01:24:23,656 for people to download. 1673 01:24:23,656 --> 01:24:24,736 That's just one sense 1674 01:24:24,736 --> 01:24:28,076 that Google might be a little bit more open than Apple 1675 01:24:28,366 --> 01:24:29,826 but there's others other ways as well, 1676 01:24:29,826 --> 01:24:31,576 you have a little bit more control over your phone, 1677 01:24:31,576 --> 01:24:34,496 some people would argue a little bit more customization whereas 1678 01:24:34,496 --> 01:24:37,556 in iOS they tried to really funnel you towards a certain 1679 01:24:37,556 --> 01:24:40,906 types of experience which in itself I'm trimming not 1680 01:24:40,906 --> 01:24:43,076 in the sense this is a negative but in fact that is a very-- 1681 01:24:43,076 --> 01:24:44,866 again, a very different way of thinking about this. 1682 01:24:45,536 --> 01:24:48,636 Google allows you to have a lot more options, and so it can 1683 01:24:48,916 --> 01:24:51,486 to people who are mot familiar with the system appear 1684 01:24:51,486 --> 01:24:52,816 to be a little bit more complex. 1685 01:24:54,076 --> 01:24:56,676 And so, again, this is just that same sort of idea that we want 1686 01:24:56,726 --> 01:24:58,556 to point out the differences between the two, 1687 01:24:58,886 --> 01:25:01,876 you have a question or a difference? 1688 01:25:02,416 --> 01:25:05,126 >> [Inaudible] are the open source in any way? 1689 01:25:05,346 --> 01:25:09,316 >> So, for the longest time Android was open source 1690 01:25:09,316 --> 01:25:11,946 but they have in fact to close source to some of them. 1691 01:25:11,946 --> 01:25:13,956 So, a lot of the code is in fact open source 1692 01:25:13,956 --> 01:25:16,516 but I think a lot some of that now more basic functions are 1693 01:25:16,516 --> 01:25:18,816 in fact closed source from Google. 1694 01:25:19,366 --> 01:25:22,336 Yeah, that was also a primary difference between Apple 1695 01:25:22,416 --> 01:25:26,616 and Android again, part we could perhaps include this 1696 01:25:26,616 --> 01:25:28,146 within this openness aspect. 1697 01:25:28,146 --> 01:25:31,336 What about other things, anything else as developers 1698 01:25:31,336 --> 01:25:32,436 that might be different? 1699 01:25:32,436 --> 01:25:32,546 Yes. 1700 01:25:32,606 --> 01:25:33,056 >> iOS [inaudible] might say 1701 01:25:33,056 --> 01:25:37,806 that Androids were fragmented [inaudible]? 1702 01:25:37,806 --> 01:25:39,896 >> Right. So, there's-- this is definitely a big one 1703 01:25:39,896 --> 01:25:42,006 that we hear a lot is that this fragmentation 1704 01:25:42,426 --> 01:25:43,536 in Android devices. 1705 01:25:43,536 --> 01:25:45,996 And in fact this is a very important point that I want 1706 01:25:45,996 --> 01:25:49,196 to bring up right a way, is that's there is some truth 1707 01:25:49,196 --> 01:25:52,346 to this in what is actually fragmented. 1708 01:25:52,346 --> 01:25:56,036 There are many different types of hardware devices available 1709 01:25:56,136 --> 01:25:59,426 for with the Google operating system 1710 01:25:59,426 --> 01:26:00,746 with the Android operating system 1711 01:26:00,746 --> 01:26:01,996 from different manufactures 1712 01:26:01,996 --> 01:26:05,346 where as Apple only is the only manufacture of iPhone and iPad. 1713 01:26:05,816 --> 01:26:07,516 There are many different manufacturers 1714 01:26:07,516 --> 01:26:09,776 that use Android as a platform. 1715 01:26:10,286 --> 01:26:12,416 And even within that context, 1716 01:26:12,896 --> 01:26:17,166 many people don't update their software as much as we 1717 01:26:17,166 --> 01:26:18,606 as developers might want them to. 1718 01:26:19,076 --> 01:26:20,946 And there's a variety of reasons for this. 1719 01:26:20,946 --> 01:26:23,476 Some of them may not be aware that there is an update. 1720 01:26:23,476 --> 01:26:28,096 Some of them-- but I think one of the more pressing problems is 1721 01:26:28,096 --> 01:26:31,926 that with many of the third party phones that come 1722 01:26:31,926 --> 01:26:35,166 out that have Android on them, they have a lot of stuff to it. 1723 01:26:35,166 --> 01:26:38,766 Sort of like when you buy a PC and has a lot of stuff installed 1724 01:26:38,766 --> 01:26:41,906 and my friend just bought an Asus and he said they would have 1725 01:26:41,906 --> 01:26:45,246 like a-- on my gosh, I wish I could remember exactly what it 1726 01:26:45,246 --> 01:26:48,996 was but it was like an Asus internet connection help wizard 1727 01:26:48,996 --> 01:26:51,536 or some sort of very specific thing that he was kind 1728 01:26:51,536 --> 01:26:53,296 of surprised that they actually bother this one, 1729 01:26:53,566 --> 01:26:54,946 [inaudible] company actually bother 1730 01:26:54,946 --> 01:26:56,266 to create the software report 1731 01:26:56,266 --> 01:26:57,706 and it's sort of a similar thing. 1732 01:26:57,706 --> 01:26:58,956 A lot of these companies will 1733 01:26:58,956 --> 01:27:02,326 in fact add their own additional UI components on top 1734 01:27:02,326 --> 01:27:07,406 of the Android base OS which further adds to perhaps some 1735 01:27:07,406 --> 01:27:09,546 of the confusion between different users when you pick 1736 01:27:09,546 --> 01:27:11,756 up an android device from say Samsung 1737 01:27:12,086 --> 01:27:16,086 versus one that's Google create with just the base Android. 1738 01:27:16,086 --> 01:27:18,566 OS it might actually look different even though it has the 1739 01:27:18,566 --> 01:27:22,046 same version of the OS because of these additional little 1740 01:27:22,046 --> 01:27:24,626 flares, you know, the additional pieces of software 1741 01:27:24,626 --> 01:27:26,506 that they will actually add on to this. 1742 01:27:26,946 --> 01:27:30,316 Now, I don't want to confuse the issue with all that stuff aside, 1743 01:27:30,716 --> 01:27:34,326 one of the base issues in this fragmentation argument is the 1744 01:27:34,326 --> 01:27:37,586 bit-- just the wide range of versions that were installed 1745 01:27:37,586 --> 01:27:39,056 on hardware devices right now. 1746 01:27:39,726 --> 01:27:42,286 So, this is a chart that Google actually created. 1747 01:27:42,286 --> 01:27:45,676 They released a similar chart every half month or every month 1748 01:27:45,676 --> 01:27:49,116 or so, showing the distribution of devices that connect 1749 01:27:49,116 --> 01:27:51,106 to the Google play store which is the equivalence 1750 01:27:51,106 --> 01:27:53,006 of the App store on iOS. 1751 01:27:53,006 --> 01:27:58,446 And as we can see here, there's really no one slice of this pie 1752 01:27:58,446 --> 01:28:01,006 that makes up the majority of the devices. 1753 01:28:01,236 --> 01:28:04,866 It really runs the gamut from ginger bread right here 1754 01:28:04,866 --> 01:28:07,706 which is a version two of Android OS 1755 01:28:07,706 --> 01:28:11,716 which is now several years old all the way up to jelly bean 1756 01:28:11,716 --> 01:28:15,706 which is one of the later versions, version 4.1 and 4.2 1757 01:28:15,706 --> 01:28:18,206 and now there's an even newer version 4.3 but I'm not sure 1758 01:28:18,206 --> 01:28:19,826 that any devices have been released 1759 01:28:19,826 --> 01:28:20,946 to actually have that through that. 1760 01:28:20,946 --> 01:28:22,346 It's actually been released at this point. 1761 01:28:23,076 --> 01:28:27,576 Now, sort of the saving grace here with this is 1762 01:28:27,576 --> 01:28:33,506 that if you did want to target a lot of this users, 1763 01:28:33,746 --> 01:28:36,636 you can actually create of course an application 1764 01:28:36,936 --> 01:28:39,896 that is targeted at one of this APIs, one of this earlier APIs 1765 01:28:39,896 --> 01:28:43,996 and be able to get a large portion of the market. 1766 01:28:44,356 --> 01:28:47,906 And by the market I mean the available market 1767 01:28:47,906 --> 01:28:49,316 for your application. 1768 01:28:49,316 --> 01:28:52,566 Of course if you wanted to use some API that's only available 1769 01:28:52,756 --> 01:28:54,646 in some later version of the OS, 1770 01:28:54,646 --> 01:28:57,536 then you will perhaps limit yourself in terms of the market 1771 01:28:57,536 --> 01:28:58,756 that is available for that. 1772 01:28:59,166 --> 01:29:03,086 But the Android OS isn't the only reason why this system 1773 01:29:03,156 --> 01:29:06,416 might be considered fragmented. 1774 01:29:07,206 --> 01:29:11,216 We also have things such as the screen size and the density. 1775 01:29:11,636 --> 01:29:14,476 Like I s aid the actual hardware devices are very, 1776 01:29:14,476 --> 01:29:15,216 very different. 1777 01:29:15,496 --> 01:29:18,486 And this is just-- I intentionally left out some 1778 01:29:18,486 --> 01:29:20,486 of the explanation of some of this but just to show you 1779 01:29:20,486 --> 01:29:22,506 that this is really all over the place. 1780 01:29:22,756 --> 01:29:26,276 That screen size on the left and screen density on the right 1781 01:29:26,656 --> 01:29:30,596 and Google goes through on the web site on differentiating all 1782 01:29:30,596 --> 01:29:33,516 of this and sorts of the exact pixel dimensions 1783 01:29:33,516 --> 01:29:37,086 and the exact number of dots per inch in each 1784 01:29:37,086 --> 01:29:38,166 of the densities here. 1785 01:29:38,426 --> 01:29:42,026 But really we can see that we have a problem and that is 1786 01:29:42,026 --> 01:29:45,256 that if you want to create an application 1787 01:29:45,506 --> 01:29:48,346 for an Android device that should work 1788 01:29:48,346 --> 01:29:49,786 on a multitude of devices. 1789 01:29:49,786 --> 01:29:51,816 You do have to contend with this issue 1790 01:29:52,546 --> 01:29:54,726 that there are many different types 1791 01:29:54,726 --> 01:29:56,696 of devices running many different types of OS's 1792 01:29:57,166 --> 01:29:59,786 that have very different hardware capabilities. 1793 01:30:00,646 --> 01:30:03,876 Now, to Google's credit, they have done everything 1794 01:30:03,876 --> 01:30:06,756 that they can to try to combat this issue. 1795 01:30:07,606 --> 01:30:12,286 They really try hard to make it possible for you 1796 01:30:12,286 --> 01:30:16,556 to create an application that can run on a lot 1797 01:30:16,556 --> 01:30:18,176 of this sorts of devices. 1798 01:30:18,916 --> 01:30:22,006 And in fact, one of the ways that they are able 1799 01:30:22,046 --> 01:30:26,336 to do this is is through this inclusion of resources 1800 01:30:26,826 --> 01:30:28,496 within an application. 1801 01:30:29,326 --> 01:30:31,776 So, there is an-- we're going to get a little bit technical 1802 01:30:31,776 --> 01:30:34,526 at this moment before we kind of come back a little bit wider 1803 01:30:34,526 --> 01:30:38,496 and talk about what exactly-- how exactly this works. 1804 01:30:38,866 --> 01:30:40,696 Oh, and looks like a font is missing here. 1805 01:30:41,146 --> 01:30:45,856 So basically, application resources are stored 1806 01:30:45,856 --> 01:30:47,906 in a resource folder, so it says RES. 1807 01:30:47,906 --> 01:30:50,486 And there's a variety of different folders, 1808 01:30:50,486 --> 01:30:53,866 it's a hierarchy of folders, and within that, there's a variety 1809 01:30:53,866 --> 01:30:55,426 of other directories that you can include 1810 01:30:55,426 --> 01:30:56,836 like a drawable directory 1811 01:30:57,116 --> 01:30:59,556 which will include bitmap graphics or XML graphics. 1812 01:30:59,556 --> 01:31:01,776 And there's also a layout 1813 01:31:02,156 --> 01:31:05,586 so that you can actually add layout information in XML form 1814 01:31:05,586 --> 01:31:07,706 or you can also add many definitions 1815 01:31:07,706 --> 01:31:11,826 in a menu directory as well. 1816 01:31:12,266 --> 01:31:17,296 And what's really neat about this set of directories is 1817 01:31:17,296 --> 01:31:19,706 that not only can you localize strings, 1818 01:31:19,866 --> 01:31:23,976 but also you can modify the name of the directory itself 1819 01:31:24,146 --> 01:31:27,246 to [inaudible] OS of what sort 1820 01:31:27,536 --> 01:31:29,856 of resources are included in there. 1821 01:31:30,226 --> 01:31:33,346 So, let's say that you create a game for instance. 1822 01:31:33,826 --> 01:31:38,796 And in that game, you have perhaps a variety of assets, 1823 01:31:38,946 --> 01:31:42,086 a variety of graphics that you created for different devices. 1824 01:31:42,086 --> 01:31:43,286 Perhaps you've created some-- 1825 01:31:43,436 --> 01:31:45,426 well, it's something low resolution graphics 1826 01:31:45,426 --> 01:31:49,546 for the lower DPI-- the lower DPI devices 1827 01:31:49,546 --> 01:31:51,616 or perhaps you created some really high risk resolution 1828 01:31:51,616 --> 01:31:54,266 graphics for the larger screens or for the devices 1829 01:31:54,266 --> 01:31:57,166 that have very, very high DPI available. 1830 01:31:57,636 --> 01:32:01,746 And what you can do is very much in the style of a CSS selector, 1831 01:32:01,876 --> 01:32:04,396 which you might remember from your token web developments, 1832 01:32:04,696 --> 01:32:08,476 can you actually add some properties to these folders 1833 01:32:08,476 --> 01:32:10,726 which are again not intentionally masked here 1834 01:32:10,726 --> 01:32:14,126 but you-- we'll hope we see them when you download the PDF 1835 01:32:14,126 --> 01:32:16,136 when it is posted on the website. 1836 01:32:16,526 --> 01:32:19,416 But you can actually add CSS style selectors or-- 1837 01:32:19,716 --> 01:32:22,406 I don't actually don't want to say that. 1838 01:32:22,406 --> 01:32:25,816 There are selectors in style of sort of CSS in the way 1839 01:32:25,816 --> 01:32:27,556 that you can have these different selectors 1840 01:32:28,286 --> 01:32:33,196 to target specific hardware devices or specific OS versions 1841 01:32:33,576 --> 01:32:35,606 within each of these folders. 1842 01:32:36,506 --> 01:32:38,886 So, it becomes a little bit better. 1843 01:32:39,116 --> 01:32:41,756 You don't have to release different versions 1844 01:32:41,756 --> 01:32:45,206 of the same application, but you do as you can imagine how 1845 01:32:45,206 --> 01:32:47,506 to create different versions of these assets 1846 01:32:47,766 --> 01:32:49,246 for these different devices. 1847 01:32:49,846 --> 01:32:53,036 And even though there's the arguments, well, 1848 01:32:53,166 --> 01:32:56,646 iOS is now fragmented between the iPad, the iPad mini, 1849 01:32:56,986 --> 01:33:00,396 and the iPhone and the older versions 1850 01:33:00,396 --> 01:33:01,976 which did not have the retina displays. 1851 01:33:01,976 --> 01:33:03,696 And all of these different things is really not quite 1852 01:33:04,216 --> 01:33:08,646 as bad as we have here on Android, this is an attempt 1853 01:33:09,126 --> 01:33:12,936 on Google's part to make it a little bit better. 1854 01:33:14,376 --> 01:33:17,696 Now, these resources are in fact included 1855 01:33:17,836 --> 01:33:19,876 within the file that's called an APK file. 1856 01:33:20,336 --> 01:33:23,996 An APK file is in fact your Android application. 1857 01:33:24,876 --> 01:33:27,086 And what's neat about this APK files 1858 01:33:27,086 --> 01:33:30,726 that you can actually download an APK file on to your computer, 1859 01:33:30,976 --> 01:33:35,236 you can rename APK to .ZIP, unzip it 1860 01:33:35,236 --> 01:33:38,966 and see what the contents of that application actually is. 1861 01:33:38,966 --> 01:33:40,386 It's kind of an interesting thing, 1862 01:33:40,386 --> 01:33:41,726 you can actually see the resources 1863 01:33:41,726 --> 01:33:42,416 that are available there, 1864 01:33:42,656 --> 01:33:44,196 anything that is not been compiled 1865 01:33:44,196 --> 01:33:45,506 that becomes very easy to look at. 1866 01:33:45,506 --> 01:33:47,686 You can't look at the original source code of course 1867 01:33:47,686 --> 01:33:49,806 because it's been compiled and then included 1868 01:33:49,806 --> 01:33:52,826 within that ZIP file and package into this Android format 1869 01:33:53,316 --> 01:33:55,446 but you can in fact look at some of the resources 1870 01:33:55,766 --> 01:33:59,196 that are available within that one file. 1871 01:33:59,316 --> 01:34:03,096 So, this is important to realize that we have this APK file 1872 01:34:03,096 --> 01:34:04,976 which is in fact this application 1873 01:34:05,156 --> 01:34:07,396 that we want to ultimately create. 1874 01:34:08,866 --> 01:34:11,196 Within an application, we have these resources. 1875 01:34:11,416 --> 01:34:15,046 Again there's-- you can create resources that are generic 1876 01:34:15,046 --> 01:34:17,636 so that it would apply to all hardware devices 1877 01:34:17,636 --> 01:34:19,316 or you could even make them very specific 1878 01:34:19,316 --> 01:34:21,746 by having multiple drawable directories 1879 01:34:21,746 --> 01:34:26,746 for different resolutions or for different density screens. 1880 01:34:27,276 --> 01:34:29,746 And you can create different strings directories 1881 01:34:29,746 --> 01:34:33,356 for localization, international localization and so on. 1882 01:34:33,756 --> 01:34:39,186 But really, the heart of all of the Android applications comes 1883 01:34:39,186 --> 01:34:43,176 from this one XML file called Android Manifest file. 1884 01:34:44,136 --> 01:34:48,186 The Android Manifest file basically tells the system, 1885 01:34:48,186 --> 01:34:52,056 the Android system when it is launching your application, 1886 01:34:52,316 --> 01:34:56,186 what it should expect, what is the name of this application, 1887 01:34:56,186 --> 01:34:58,536 what is the minimum version of the OS 1888 01:34:59,056 --> 01:35:01,146 that I can run this application, 1889 01:35:01,146 --> 01:35:03,536 what are the different screens called activities 1890 01:35:03,956 --> 01:35:05,696 that might be available, what are the permissions 1891 01:35:05,696 --> 01:35:07,666 that this app requires, does it require phone access, 1892 01:35:07,666 --> 01:35:09,906 does it require access to my contacts, 1893 01:35:09,906 --> 01:35:13,896 does it require GPS access, all of those sorts of things. 1894 01:35:13,896 --> 01:35:15,826 So, the OS parses this information 1895 01:35:16,396 --> 01:35:17,826 and will make a determination, 1896 01:35:17,826 --> 01:35:21,426 the OS will actually decide whether or not it can install 1897 01:35:21,426 --> 01:35:25,356 and run this application based on the limits that you set 1898 01:35:25,596 --> 01:35:27,966 in this XML file and also the limits of the device. 1899 01:35:28,936 --> 01:35:31,476 So, perhaps the user rejects your permissions 1900 01:35:31,476 --> 01:35:35,786 because you want to do all sorts of things on the user's device, 1901 01:35:35,786 --> 01:35:37,776 you have-- your permissions are too lose 1902 01:35:38,116 --> 01:35:41,726 and they decided that's actually not quite a good thing to do. 1903 01:35:42,006 --> 01:35:44,776 Well, you can modify all of this information here 1904 01:35:44,776 --> 01:35:47,196 in your own application towards that end. 1905 01:35:48,066 --> 01:35:51,136 Now, one of the things that is really important to realize 1906 01:35:51,136 --> 01:35:55,836 about this as well is that you'll notice that here, we're-- 1907 01:35:55,836 --> 01:36:00,286 we define variety of things, but within this application, 1908 01:36:00,286 --> 01:36:02,386 we actually have some components. 1909 01:36:02,826 --> 01:36:05,136 Now, in this simplified version of the XML file, 1910 01:36:05,476 --> 01:36:07,876 we have a single component called an activity. 1911 01:36:08,396 --> 01:36:11,636 And this-- when we start to talk about activities, 1912 01:36:11,636 --> 01:36:14,686 this is where really starts deviate from the way 1913 01:36:14,686 --> 01:36:17,926 that we would expect it to work 1914 01:36:17,976 --> 01:36:21,196 if we only are familiar with iOS devices. 1915 01:36:22,366 --> 01:36:26,526 In Android, it's really difficult for us to talk 1916 01:36:26,526 --> 01:36:33,576 about an application as a single all enclosed app 1917 01:36:34,516 --> 01:36:36,406 that runs entirely with your code. 1918 01:36:37,386 --> 01:36:42,236 It is possible for instance, if I am creating a-- 1919 01:36:42,236 --> 01:36:45,886 let's say that I want to create an application 1920 01:36:45,986 --> 01:36:50,866 that perhaps uploads some photos from your phone 1921 01:36:50,866 --> 01:36:52,526 up into-- up to the web. 1922 01:36:52,696 --> 01:36:55,056 Perhaps I have a photo sharing services some [inaudible] 1923 01:36:55,056 --> 01:36:57,186 and I want to be able to take your photos from your phone, 1924 01:36:57,556 --> 01:37:01,356 user selected of course, upload them and share them on the web. 1925 01:37:01,686 --> 01:37:03,606 So, perhaps we would create this application 1926 01:37:03,846 --> 01:37:05,956 to actually pull the user's photos 1927 01:37:05,956 --> 01:37:07,936 which everyone they select from their photos app 1928 01:37:08,826 --> 01:37:14,176 and then upload those on behalf of the user to the internet. 1929 01:37:15,256 --> 01:37:16,456 What's interesting about this is 1930 01:37:16,456 --> 01:37:22,676 that we can actually have a very simple UI that presents the user 1931 01:37:22,716 --> 01:37:26,006 with a couple of options saying, OK, we'll what, log in first 1932 01:37:26,006 --> 01:37:31,176 and tells what album you want to add these photos to. 1933 01:37:31,846 --> 01:37:35,286 But when the user actually goes to select the photo, 1934 01:37:35,616 --> 01:37:37,616 we could in fact launch an activity 1935 01:37:37,616 --> 01:37:39,426 from an entirely different application, 1936 01:37:39,426 --> 01:37:43,936 perhaps the photo application, and have the user select one 1937 01:37:43,936 --> 01:37:45,826 of those photos in that other application. 1938 01:37:46,836 --> 01:37:48,166 Is this relatively transparent? 1939 01:37:48,196 --> 01:37:50,516 What the user sees is that they open up your app, 1940 01:37:50,996 --> 01:37:53,266 there's a couple of options, you have to have to log in 1941 01:37:53,266 --> 01:37:56,266 or do whatever then they click a little Choose Photo button 1942 01:37:56,906 --> 01:37:59,556 and it appears seamless to them and that there's another window 1943 01:37:59,556 --> 01:38:01,406 that appears on top of that UI 1944 01:38:01,406 --> 01:38:02,946 that they are previously interacting with. 1945 01:38:02,946 --> 01:38:04,716 So, it appears as though it's one application, 1946 01:38:05,046 --> 01:38:05,946 but now all of a sudden, 1947 01:38:05,946 --> 01:38:08,286 it's a photo selector probably different application 1948 01:38:08,286 --> 01:38:09,006 all together. 1949 01:38:09,406 --> 01:38:13,546 Now, this sounds kind of convoluted 1950 01:38:13,986 --> 01:38:15,826 but there's a great power to this 1951 01:38:16,236 --> 01:38:19,206 and that we can generalize them, we can have this-- 1952 01:38:19,206 --> 01:38:22,726 this become very generalized if you wanted to include, 1953 01:38:22,726 --> 01:38:26,186 say drop box support in your application. 1954 01:38:26,186 --> 01:38:27,026 You could actually make sure 1955 01:38:27,026 --> 01:38:30,096 that the drop box application was installed and asked drop box 1956 01:38:30,096 --> 01:38:32,176 to run the log in activity 1957 01:38:32,346 --> 01:38:34,796 and have the drop box application deal entirely 1958 01:38:34,796 --> 01:38:37,926 with the authentication mechanism or perhaps you want 1959 01:38:37,926 --> 01:38:41,616 to have your users be able to select one contact 1960 01:38:41,616 --> 01:38:43,546 out of their contact list rather 1961 01:38:43,546 --> 01:38:46,326 than fetching all the contact information and displaying it 1962 01:38:46,326 --> 01:38:49,736 to them, you can in fact ask the contact application itself 1963 01:38:50,266 --> 01:38:51,666 to show the contact list 1964 01:38:51,666 --> 01:38:53,956 and have the user select one of those context. 1965 01:38:55,216 --> 01:38:58,116 So, we have to differentiate between this idea 1966 01:38:58,116 --> 01:39:00,766 of an application which is what we would create 1967 01:39:00,766 --> 01:39:02,986 and would be always self-contained 1968 01:39:03,516 --> 01:39:05,346 and what the user would actually run. 1969 01:39:05,346 --> 01:39:07,196 When the user actually runs this application, 1970 01:39:07,196 --> 01:39:09,866 it becomes a slightly different turn that Google likes 1971 01:39:09,866 --> 01:39:10,736 to use called the task. 1972 01:39:12,366 --> 01:39:14,866 And the reason that is called a task [inaudible] applications 1973 01:39:14,866 --> 01:39:18,676 because this task could actually run multiple applications 1974 01:39:18,956 --> 01:39:19,996 [inaudible] to the user. 1975 01:39:20,536 --> 01:39:23,696 Again, in the same context whereby they start your 1976 01:39:23,696 --> 01:39:28,606 application and in this application, we want the user 1977 01:39:28,606 --> 01:39:30,426 to be able to select a photo. 1978 01:39:30,736 --> 01:39:32,386 So now, we have our application running 1979 01:39:32,386 --> 01:39:33,776 and they see this one activity. 1980 01:39:33,936 --> 01:39:38,046 By the way, an activity is just a screen interface to the user 1981 01:39:38,046 --> 01:39:39,806 that the user have actually interact 1982 01:39:39,806 --> 01:39:42,746 with one screen is essentially one activity. 1983 01:39:43,436 --> 01:39:45,366 So, we have our own activity here. 1984 01:39:45,366 --> 01:39:47,796 Now, our application request 1985 01:39:47,876 --> 01:39:50,266 from the photos app, the photo selector. 1986 01:39:50,646 --> 01:39:53,776 And so now, another activity comes over then masks the one 1987 01:39:53,776 --> 01:39:58,146 that we had below but, we have two applications running. 1988 01:39:59,206 --> 01:39:59,936 So, this is the difference 1989 01:39:59,936 --> 01:40:01,476 between the task in an application. 1990 01:40:01,476 --> 01:40:03,886 Application is what we are creating and is something 1991 01:40:03,886 --> 01:40:07,916 that we are-- that we are eventually going to run. 1992 01:40:08,386 --> 01:40:12,716 But you have to realize that activities are not necessarily 1993 01:40:13,026 --> 01:40:15,386 so specific to your application that it's only run 1994 01:40:15,386 --> 01:40:19,446 by your application, depending on the properties that you apply 1995 01:40:19,636 --> 01:40:22,906 to this activity it's possible for you to create an activity 1996 01:40:23,086 --> 01:40:25,876 that someone else's application could then run. 1997 01:40:27,036 --> 01:40:32,796 So, again the example here would be say, a contacts application 1998 01:40:32,796 --> 01:40:36,856 or let's say that I am creating the new social media platform 1999 01:40:36,856 --> 01:40:39,576 or what have you and I actually want the user to be able 2000 01:40:39,576 --> 01:40:43,446 to select one of their contacts from the Android device 2001 01:40:44,176 --> 01:40:46,846 and rather than create a contact list 2002 01:40:46,846 --> 01:40:50,766 on my own I can just request from the contacts app to show 2003 01:40:50,766 --> 01:40:53,186 that contact selector, that contact list 2004 01:40:53,186 --> 01:40:56,106 and have it return the data to my application. 2005 01:40:56,646 --> 01:41:01,176 So, this is just a difference in terminology, a difference 2006 01:41:01,176 --> 01:41:07,136 in implementation, already this provides quite a lot of, 2007 01:41:07,136 --> 01:41:08,976 a lot of power and a lot of openness. 2008 01:41:09,586 --> 01:41:12,396 Notice that in-- I never said that-- 2009 01:41:12,626 --> 01:41:15,366 well, maybe I did say but I didn't mean to say 2010 01:41:15,366 --> 01:41:19,226 that there is the contacts app, there is one built 2011 01:41:19,226 --> 01:41:21,136 in contacts app that you always have to use. 2012 01:41:21,136 --> 01:41:25,796 Due to this sort of open nature of Android it's possible 2013 01:41:25,796 --> 01:41:29,526 to create a competing contacts app place it 2014 01:41:29,526 --> 01:41:31,746 on the Google Play store and that's-- 2015 01:41:31,746 --> 01:41:33,676 and then your users could then interface 2016 01:41:33,676 --> 01:41:37,176 with that contacts app, with that new contact app instead. 2017 01:41:37,986 --> 01:41:42,506 So, rather than when my application request a contact 2018 01:41:42,506 --> 01:41:44,326 from the contact list, rather than go 2019 01:41:44,326 --> 01:41:48,456 to necessarily the default application it could provide the 2020 01:41:48,456 --> 01:41:49,436 user with the choice. 2021 01:41:49,436 --> 01:41:53,036 Well, I see you how multiple contacts apps installed 2022 01:41:53,326 --> 01:41:57,216 on your device how or rather which application do you want 2023 01:41:57,216 --> 01:42:00,536 to use to select this contact? 2024 01:42:00,536 --> 01:42:04,166 Perhaps another example would be let's say that you just have a-- 2025 01:42:04,166 --> 01:42:08,176 an activity that's very simple which has URL on it, 2026 01:42:08,636 --> 01:42:10,416 you click on that URL, you don't want to-- 2027 01:42:10,416 --> 01:42:14,636 you don't want to implement an entire web browser yourself, 2028 01:42:14,876 --> 01:42:17,866 and so you figure OK, well now I can just launch a web browser 2029 01:42:17,866 --> 01:42:21,586 activity from another program to show that webpage to the user, 2030 01:42:22,546 --> 01:42:24,556 you can imagine this-- you can envision the scenario 2031 01:42:24,556 --> 01:42:27,886 where there's multiple browsers installed on this computer 2032 01:42:28,086 --> 01:42:32,356 or a computer yes, but also on this device, 2033 01:42:32,666 --> 01:42:34,886 there's multiple browsers installed and perhaps Chrome, 2034 01:42:34,886 --> 01:42:37,506 perhaps Opera, maybe some others as well 2035 01:42:37,886 --> 01:42:39,856 and you could provide the user 2036 01:42:39,856 --> 01:42:43,746 and by you I mean this happens automatically the-- 2037 01:42:44,016 --> 01:42:47,326 by the user clicking on that URL and you requesting 2038 01:42:47,326 --> 01:42:49,576 from the Google operating system 2039 01:42:49,576 --> 01:42:51,586 from the Android operating system that you want 2040 01:42:51,586 --> 01:42:56,486 to open a URL it might realize, oh hey, there's two programs, 2041 01:42:56,866 --> 01:43:00,446 there's two applications that actually support this type 2042 01:43:00,446 --> 01:43:02,406 of data, which one do you want to use? 2043 01:43:02,406 --> 01:43:04,366 Do you want to use Chrome or do you want to use Opera? 2044 01:43:05,096 --> 01:43:08,666 This can then select one of those two options and proceed 2045 01:43:08,666 --> 01:43:14,246 to show that that information, that webpage or that webpage 2046 01:43:14,246 --> 01:43:16,746 in whatever browser they choose and again it appears 2047 01:43:16,746 --> 01:43:17,766 to be relatively seamless, 2048 01:43:17,766 --> 01:43:21,256 it doesn't look its swaps applications to this other-- 2049 01:43:21,256 --> 01:43:25,146 to this other web browser it instead just loads an activity 2050 01:43:25,146 --> 01:43:28,046 in front of the one that you are using. 2051 01:43:28,886 --> 01:43:33,126 So, there's a variety of-- there's a variety of components 2052 01:43:33,126 --> 01:43:35,556 that can be part of your application, 2053 01:43:35,776 --> 01:43:39,316 the activity is sort of the simplest one in the sense 2054 01:43:39,316 --> 01:43:42,846 that it-- this is that UI that the user is going to interface 2055 01:43:42,846 --> 01:43:45,516 with and what we are going to see in some code examples 2056 01:43:45,516 --> 01:43:48,436 in little while or just various forms of activities, 2057 01:43:48,716 --> 01:43:52,106 but there's also different types of components that exist 2058 01:43:52,106 --> 01:43:54,206 in an Android device as well. 2059 01:43:54,656 --> 01:43:57,906 So, these activities, single screen with the user interface 2060 01:43:58,136 --> 01:44:00,516 if you want have multiple screens you certainly can 2061 01:44:00,516 --> 01:44:02,846 but that means that you're going to have multiple activities, 2062 01:44:03,556 --> 01:44:05,526 that's not that big of a deal it's just sort 2063 01:44:05,526 --> 01:44:07,156 of an interesting thing to note. 2064 01:44:07,616 --> 01:44:10,256 Another type of component that you could have is a service 2065 01:44:10,256 --> 01:44:11,876 which would be just the background task 2066 01:44:12,276 --> 01:44:14,286 for long running operations, let's say that you want 2067 01:44:14,286 --> 01:44:17,606 to upload some information to your web server, 2068 01:44:17,766 --> 01:44:20,266 let's say let's go back to that earlier example 2069 01:44:20,266 --> 01:44:23,146 of having this photo sharing website and I want 2070 01:44:23,146 --> 01:44:26,276 to have the user selective photo and be able to upload it 2071 01:44:26,466 --> 01:44:29,806 to my website, if it's a big photo we can run a service 2072 01:44:29,976 --> 01:44:30,616 that uploads it 2073 01:44:30,616 --> 01:44:33,606 in the background while the user does other things, 2074 01:44:33,796 --> 01:44:35,756 we don't have to be bother with it. 2075 01:44:35,756 --> 01:44:38,086 Another example of a service might be music player, 2076 01:44:38,606 --> 01:44:41,636 you might have an activity that actually is the interface 2077 01:44:41,676 --> 01:44:45,706 to that music player with play, pause, stop, volume, control, 2078 01:44:45,706 --> 01:44:49,246 forward, backward, so on, and so forth but the actual playing 2079 01:44:49,246 --> 01:44:52,216 of the music occurs in the service which occurs 2080 01:44:52,216 --> 01:44:54,796 in the background which allow you to change tasks, 2081 01:44:55,016 --> 01:44:58,126 again this word tasks which would allow you to change task 2082 01:44:58,126 --> 01:45:00,106 so they could go their web browser and continue listening 2083 01:45:00,316 --> 01:45:01,946 to music from your same player. 2084 01:45:02,506 --> 01:45:03,866 Now, there's a couple of other things 2085 01:45:04,346 --> 01:45:08,566 that that could a little bit more specific but just listed 2086 01:45:08,566 --> 01:45:12,026 in the interest of completeness the content provider is a way, 2087 01:45:12,026 --> 01:45:14,166 it's just of a standard interface 2088 01:45:14,496 --> 01:45:16,696 for applications to access your data. 2089 01:45:17,436 --> 01:45:19,676 So, if I actually wanted to pull some data 2090 01:45:19,676 --> 01:45:22,236 from a common application like contacts 2091 01:45:22,306 --> 01:45:25,736 or photos this is separate from the idea of actually bringing 2092 01:45:25,736 --> 01:45:28,476 up activities, but maybe there is some interface 2093 01:45:28,476 --> 01:45:32,276 that I actually want to expose to allow other applications 2094 01:45:32,646 --> 01:45:35,266 to access the data that my application will actually 2095 01:45:35,266 --> 01:45:37,266 create, content provider is the way do that, 2096 01:45:37,616 --> 01:45:42,226 broadcast receivers response to system-wide announcements. 2097 01:45:42,226 --> 01:45:45,056 So, the tone will actually broadcast to all 2098 01:45:45,056 --> 01:45:47,356 of the applications that the screen has gone, 2099 01:45:47,356 --> 01:45:49,856 the screen has gone dim or that the battery is running low, 2100 01:45:49,856 --> 01:45:52,356 or that the white Wi-Fi has been turned on of off, or a variety 2101 01:45:52,356 --> 01:45:55,526 of other things and even applications themselves can send 2102 01:45:55,526 --> 01:45:59,526 broadcast to the entire system as a whole and you can define 2103 01:45:59,846 --> 01:46:02,176 which if any of these that you're interested 2104 01:46:02,176 --> 01:46:05,496 in actually respond to them which is kind 2105 01:46:05,496 --> 01:46:09,066 of an interesting thing, allows certainly a bit of power 2106 01:46:09,396 --> 01:46:11,136 in what your application can do. 2107 01:46:11,506 --> 01:46:13,356 Now, activity is meant to-- 2108 01:46:13,356 --> 01:46:16,176 because it's user facing it's going to be given a lot 2109 01:46:16,176 --> 01:46:20,276 of priority by the Android OS whenever is actually being run. 2110 01:46:20,276 --> 01:46:24,116 So, this would get a fair amount of CPU time as, you know, 2111 01:46:24,306 --> 01:46:27,986 Android OS has been-- has allowed background applications 2112 01:46:27,986 --> 01:46:31,366 and background task to be run for quite a while now and one 2113 01:46:31,366 --> 01:46:32,176 of their solutions was 2114 01:46:32,176 --> 01:46:35,256 to prioritize what the user is actually interfacing with. 2115 01:46:35,636 --> 01:46:40,716 Services, they'd also tend to be prioritized relatively compared 2116 01:46:40,716 --> 01:46:43,066 to some other things but not quite as much 2117 01:46:43,066 --> 01:46:45,996 as the user facing activity if they're running out of RAM 2118 01:46:45,996 --> 01:46:48,586 for example perhaps it will free up some services 2119 01:46:48,586 --> 01:46:50,986 that were running stale or running 2120 01:46:51,666 --> 01:46:53,256 that the user wasn't actually using. 2121 01:46:53,676 --> 01:46:56,946 Content providers and broadcast receivers these are smaller 2122 01:46:56,946 --> 01:46:59,266 things, but they're meant to be very lightweight, they're meant 2123 01:46:59,266 --> 01:47:02,676 to be-- this is something that's happening as a result 2124 01:47:02,676 --> 01:47:06,276 of this system call, so let's get it done quickly 2125 01:47:06,476 --> 01:47:09,766 and be done with it. 2126 01:47:10,776 --> 01:47:13,996 Are there any questions on this so far? 2127 01:47:13,996 --> 01:47:18,356 I realized this a little abstract, mostly in attempts 2128 01:47:18,356 --> 01:47:20,826 to point out some of the differences between the way 2129 01:47:20,826 --> 01:47:25,146 that iOS would work compared to how Android actually function. 2130 01:47:26,796 --> 01:47:31,386 Oops, so how then do we actually create one 2131 01:47:31,616 --> 01:47:33,696 of these applications? 2132 01:47:34,206 --> 01:47:39,406 Well, the short answer is that you go to developer.android.com 2133 01:47:39,406 --> 01:47:40,866 and this actually for you 2134 01:47:40,866 --> 01:47:43,236 as an Android developers you're home based, 2135 01:47:43,636 --> 01:47:45,866 there's an enormous amount of information here, 2136 01:47:46,156 --> 01:47:48,126 the API documentation, there's a lot 2137 01:47:48,126 --> 01:47:51,986 of updates whenever new versions come out, there's a lot-- 2138 01:47:51,986 --> 01:47:55,056 I mean there's just a wealth of information that's fantastic, 2139 01:47:55,056 --> 01:47:58,846 you can also download the SDK from this website. 2140 01:47:59,196 --> 01:48:01,956 You'll notice if you go to the website though 2141 01:48:01,956 --> 01:48:03,846 that there's two versions of the SDK, 2142 01:48:03,846 --> 01:48:05,646 there's software development kit, the SDK 2143 01:48:05,646 --> 01:48:08,456 and the native development kit, the NDK. 2144 01:48:09,146 --> 01:48:12,066 The native development kit is a bit lower level, it allows you 2145 01:48:12,066 --> 01:48:17,106 to write high performance applications in C or C++ 2146 01:48:17,716 --> 01:48:21,906 and basically embed them within an Android application. 2147 01:48:21,906 --> 01:48:25,496 We're going to essentially ignore the NDK, 2148 01:48:25,736 --> 01:48:27,236 but if you are interested 2149 01:48:27,236 --> 01:48:30,626 in high performance native applications because you need 2150 01:48:30,626 --> 01:48:32,726 to create a game for example 2151 01:48:32,726 --> 01:48:35,706 of very graphics intensive game then you might pay more 2152 01:48:35,706 --> 01:48:38,106 attention to the NDK, but for the vast majority 2153 01:48:38,106 --> 01:48:40,516 of us we don't really care about that, it's nice that it's there 2154 01:48:40,516 --> 01:48:42,126 but we're not going to quite use it, 2155 01:48:42,126 --> 01:48:44,886 the software development kit is the way to go. 2156 01:48:45,306 --> 01:48:47,636 So, there's a couple of things to note about the SDK, 2157 01:48:47,636 --> 01:48:51,056 first when we create an Android application we're actually 2158 01:48:51,056 --> 01:48:55,186 writing code in Java, the end result isn't the Java program 2159 01:48:55,186 --> 01:48:57,916 and I'll explain more about that in just a moment, but the code 2160 01:48:57,916 --> 01:49:00,986 that we write is actually in Java. 2161 01:49:00,986 --> 01:49:05,096 We use and we can use if we want, again as part 2162 01:49:05,096 --> 01:49:11,566 of this openness, that slightly more open idea we could use a 2163 01:49:11,566 --> 01:49:15,266 variety of different development environments, 2164 01:49:15,546 --> 01:49:18,256 the one that's recommended in that would actually include 2165 01:49:18,256 --> 01:49:20,186 with the SDK if you download it as a clips, 2166 01:49:20,436 --> 01:49:22,996 you could just use plain text files if you wanted you can kind 2167 01:49:22,996 --> 01:49:24,626 of do it however you want but you'll notice 2168 01:49:24,626 --> 01:49:27,336 that using a clips tends to be the fastest 2169 01:49:27,536 --> 01:49:29,326 and the best option for us. 2170 01:49:30,366 --> 01:49:33,666 So, what then-- how then-- 2171 01:49:33,876 --> 01:49:38,946 what is the process for us to build an Android application? 2172 01:49:38,946 --> 01:49:41,376 I mentioned that we have to write the code in Java 2173 01:49:42,406 --> 01:49:45,896 and there is a few important things that are-- 2174 01:49:45,896 --> 01:49:48,476 that distinguish this from Java and I'll point those 2175 01:49:48,476 --> 01:49:51,086 out when we actually look at a hello world example, 2176 01:49:51,656 --> 01:49:55,616 then we have to compile this into some Java bite code just 2177 01:49:55,616 --> 01:49:58,036 as we would a regular Java program, 2178 01:49:58,536 --> 01:50:02,976 but Android itself doesn't actually run Java code. 2179 01:50:03,706 --> 01:50:07,686 In fact the Android platform is a modified version of Linux 2180 01:50:07,956 --> 01:50:11,136 that runs something called the Dalvik Virtual Machine. 2181 01:50:11,556 --> 01:50:14,926 So, whereas in Java, it actually runs a Java Virtual Machine 2182 01:50:14,926 --> 01:50:16,936 to run and execute the Java bytecode 2183 01:50:16,936 --> 01:50:19,926 that has been compiled by the Java compiler. 2184 01:50:21,236 --> 01:50:24,186 Google has created a slightly different version 2185 01:50:24,446 --> 01:50:30,556 of this virtual machine that is a little bit more-- 2186 01:50:30,836 --> 01:50:33,626 well, it pays more attention to things like memory usage 2187 01:50:33,626 --> 01:50:37,886 and CPU time and is a little bit more fair with regard to all 2188 01:50:37,886 --> 01:50:40,916 of those things because in this mobile environment we have 2189 01:50:40,916 --> 01:50:44,076 to be very careful about battery usage and the amount of time 2190 01:50:44,076 --> 01:50:48,066 that we spent in each of these applications. 2191 01:50:48,506 --> 01:50:53,896 So this bytecode is converted to a Dalvik compatible executable 2192 01:50:53,896 --> 01:50:56,756 which is basically just the modified version, 2193 01:50:56,756 --> 01:50:58,246 again, of this bytecode. 2194 01:50:58,406 --> 01:51:01,306 It is running in essence Java bytecode 2195 01:51:01,306 --> 01:51:02,236 but it's been converted, 2196 01:51:02,236 --> 01:51:03,476 some things have actually been changed 2197 01:51:03,476 --> 01:51:05,316 to be compatible with this Dalvik VM. 2198 01:51:06,166 --> 01:51:10,646 So, it's derived from Java but it's not exactly the same. 2199 01:51:11,626 --> 01:51:14,226 But this process allows us to write the code in Java 2200 01:51:14,546 --> 01:51:17,396 and then creates and compiles it 2201 01:51:17,396 --> 01:51:20,686 into an application that's actually run and understood 2202 01:51:20,736 --> 01:51:24,146 by this Dalvik VM within the Android Platform. 2203 01:51:24,986 --> 01:51:26,466 Now after that we have to package it 2204 01:51:26,466 --> 01:51:31,326 up in a special way using Zip in a tool called AAPT 2205 01:51:31,326 --> 01:51:33,266 which actually includes some of the-- 2206 01:51:33,266 --> 01:51:36,106 well actually pre-compiles some of the information 2207 01:51:36,106 --> 01:51:38,086 that we have including the Android manifest file 2208 01:51:38,086 --> 01:51:38,966 and variety of other things 2209 01:51:38,966 --> 01:51:41,806 and actually creates an Android package. 2210 01:51:42,326 --> 01:51:44,436 So, you might remember that-- 2211 01:51:44,436 --> 01:51:47,836 I said before that this has gotten a bit easier. 2212 01:51:48,086 --> 01:51:51,016 Well, it's always been a little bit easier than is, 2213 01:51:51,016 --> 01:51:53,046 as if you are kind of the hard-- 2214 01:51:53,276 --> 01:51:56,676 the hardcore hacker person that loves to do everything manually, 2215 01:51:56,676 --> 01:51:57,696 you can certainly do this. 2216 01:51:58,316 --> 01:52:02,066 But for the rest of us you can just download the SDK 2217 01:52:02,066 --> 01:52:04,596 which includes Eclipse, the IDE, 2218 01:52:04,596 --> 01:52:07,626 and also the Android tools plug-in, the ATT plug-in 2219 01:52:08,046 --> 01:52:10,166 and allows you basically just to go straight 2220 01:52:10,166 --> 01:52:15,356 from the code directly to the end result, the Android package. 2221 01:52:15,826 --> 01:52:22,936 You can find all of these on developer.Android.com and one 2222 01:52:22,936 --> 01:52:24,826 of the ways that it is much easier now is 2223 01:52:24,826 --> 01:52:29,036 that they actually package all of these up into one download, 2224 01:52:29,106 --> 01:52:29,956 that means so much easier. 2225 01:52:29,956 --> 01:52:31,336 Before it was really a pain. 2226 01:52:31,666 --> 01:52:33,766 You just download Eclipse and then you had to download the SDK 2227 01:52:33,766 --> 01:52:37,516 and you had to download the Eclipse plug-in and you get all 2228 01:52:37,516 --> 01:52:39,826 to work together but luckily we don't have to do that anymore. 2229 01:52:40,036 --> 01:52:42,836 It comes in just one nice package, makes it very easy 2230 01:52:42,836 --> 01:52:44,936 for us to do development. 2231 01:52:45,466 --> 01:52:48,316 So, again, if you're actually interested in this, 2232 01:52:48,316 --> 01:52:52,816 go to the website developer.Android.com/sdk/index. 2233 01:52:53,326 --> 01:52:55,126 Download the SDK and that's it, 2234 01:52:55,476 --> 01:52:58,996 you pretty much can get started with it right away. 2235 01:52:59,486 --> 01:53:03,466 So from here, how do we actually create an application? 2236 01:53:03,466 --> 01:53:07,406 Well, of course, the HelloWorldApp is the-- 2237 01:53:07,406 --> 01:53:09,616 well, the simplest thing that we can do 2238 01:53:09,616 --> 01:53:11,566 to actually create an application. 2239 01:53:11,566 --> 01:53:13,386 And there's a couple of things that I want to point 2240 01:53:13,386 --> 01:53:18,166 out about the code in this HelloWorldApp and I'm going 2241 01:53:18,166 --> 01:53:26,146 to switch here to this other screen 2242 01:53:27,476 --> 01:53:31,266 because it has better text color 2243 01:53:31,336 --> 01:53:32,976 and it makes it a little bit easier 2244 01:53:32,976 --> 01:53:34,726 to take a look at what's going on. 2245 01:53:34,726 --> 01:53:39,346 So, the very top of this Java file, we basically have a couple 2246 01:53:39,346 --> 01:53:42,206 of things, one is package information. 2247 01:53:42,206 --> 01:53:45,976 How many of you have developed for Java in the past or at all? 2248 01:53:46,456 --> 01:53:48,466 Pretty much everybody, OK. 2249 01:53:48,466 --> 01:53:52,966 So for those of you that haven't, it's very similar 2250 01:53:52,966 --> 01:53:55,436 in syntax to C or C++, 2251 01:53:55,436 --> 01:53:57,276 but of course there's a variety of differences. 2252 01:53:57,276 --> 01:54:00,026 It's going to be very heavily object-oriented. 2253 01:54:00,356 --> 01:54:02,586 I'll try to point out as many differences as I can. 2254 01:54:02,586 --> 01:54:05,906 But I don't really want to do a Java primer right now. 2255 01:54:06,466 --> 01:54:09,906 There's-- If you do a search 2256 01:54:09,906 --> 01:54:13,716 for Java tutorials you will find some very excellent tutorials 2257 01:54:13,716 --> 01:54:17,046 by Oracle that talked a little bit more about this. 2258 01:54:17,546 --> 01:54:20,966 But we have to put all of this code into the scope 2259 01:54:20,966 --> 01:54:24,406 of a package, into a particular name space, 2260 01:54:24,406 --> 01:54:25,966 and so that's what we are doing in this first line. 2261 01:54:26,386 --> 01:54:29,026 Then we're going to import a variety of libraries 2262 01:54:29,026 --> 01:54:32,276 that actually make it possible for us to run this code-- 2263 01:54:32,686 --> 01:54:36,486 the activity library which we just talked about and couple 2264 01:54:36,486 --> 01:54:39,366 of other things we're sure actually required for us 2265 01:54:39,366 --> 01:54:43,016 to run this, the bundle is required by the OS. 2266 01:54:43,016 --> 01:54:45,936 This log one-- is it really required unless we're doing 2267 01:54:45,936 --> 01:54:48,646 logging which there's some very basic logging at the very bottom 2268 01:54:48,646 --> 01:54:50,166 of this of code which will occur 2269 01:54:50,166 --> 01:54:52,476 in just a second and also a widget. 2270 01:54:52,476 --> 01:54:56,656 You can maybe guess by the name what this actually does 2271 01:54:56,656 --> 01:54:58,486 but it's essentially this, it allows you 2272 01:54:58,486 --> 01:55:02,416 to place a text object on the activity and allow you 2273 01:55:02,416 --> 01:55:05,836 to view some text on that, on the screen. 2274 01:55:06,296 --> 01:55:11,706 So, that's just all sorts of some initial setup that we have 2275 01:55:11,706 --> 01:55:15,336 to do and this is the contents of the code. 2276 01:55:15,336 --> 01:55:16,916 Now one thing that you'll notice for those of you 2277 01:55:16,916 --> 01:55:18,476 that are Java developers that's very different 2278 01:55:18,476 --> 01:55:21,666 from other things is that there's no main method. 2279 01:55:22,586 --> 01:55:25,596 There is no method that makes it very obvious 2280 01:55:25,946 --> 01:55:30,436 where we're actually starting the application and the reason 2281 01:55:30,436 --> 01:55:33,746 for that is that the main method is done 2282 01:55:33,746 --> 01:55:36,826 by the operating system itself. 2283 01:55:36,826 --> 01:55:40,486 What the OS does is it looks at the manifest file 2284 01:55:40,766 --> 01:55:41,986 that we've actually created. 2285 01:55:41,986 --> 01:55:47,016 And so this is a full-pledged Android manifest file 2286 01:55:47,316 --> 01:55:50,576 that has been not reducted for simplicity. 2287 01:55:50,856 --> 01:55:53,106 So we can actually see how some of these things work. 2288 01:55:53,476 --> 01:55:56,106 Again, notice that this is the manifest XML element, 2289 01:55:56,566 --> 01:55:59,736 uses a minimum SDK version of 3 which is now ancient. 2290 01:55:59,736 --> 01:56:02,046 There's no need for you to use version 3, 2291 01:56:02,046 --> 01:56:03,846 just like Android 1.5 or something. 2292 01:56:04,256 --> 01:56:06,996 So, only if you want maximum compatibility do you really need 2293 01:56:06,996 --> 01:56:07,456 to do that. 2294 01:56:07,656 --> 01:56:11,286 But even then there's problems using minimum SDK version of 3. 2295 01:56:11,596 --> 01:56:13,656 It implies certain permissions 2296 01:56:13,656 --> 01:56:17,516 that are not necessarily what you would want. 2297 01:56:17,516 --> 01:56:21,166 I think it wants full access to contacts and some other stuff 2298 01:56:21,206 --> 01:56:25,226 that if you just upgrade the minimum SDK version to 4 or 5, 2299 01:56:25,596 --> 01:56:28,776 then you lose a lot of these problems that actually existed. 2300 01:56:28,776 --> 01:56:31,606 But this is meant for maximum compatibility here. 2301 01:56:32,026 --> 01:56:34,846 Now, the application within the 3 actually defined 2302 01:56:35,066 --> 01:56:36,676 where the icon is for that app 2303 01:56:36,676 --> 01:56:38,336 on the home screen of the device. 2304 01:56:38,856 --> 01:56:40,956 It's within-- You'll notice at Drupal [phonetic]. 2305 01:56:40,956 --> 01:56:43,686 Remember I mentioned that Drupal directory within our resources. 2306 01:56:44,056 --> 01:56:46,686 We can have various resolutions of our icons 2307 01:56:46,686 --> 01:56:49,316 to support the different density and different size 2308 01:56:49,316 --> 01:56:51,926 of the screens that might exist. 2309 01:56:51,926 --> 01:56:55,126 Similarly, can we actually apply a label to the name 2310 01:56:55,126 --> 01:56:59,416 of that application within the string resource and provide-- 2311 01:56:59,726 --> 01:57:02,126 you'll notice that here we're looking for specific resource 2312 01:57:02,126 --> 01:57:05,946 within the string directory called an app name which-- 2313 01:57:06,866 --> 01:57:11,296 you'll just have to-- you'll just have to trust me for now 2314 01:57:11,296 --> 01:57:13,556 that says something in English. 2315 01:57:13,976 --> 01:57:16,646 Now, if we skip this and go down to activity, 2316 01:57:16,646 --> 01:57:19,246 notice that we have defined one activity here. 2317 01:57:19,246 --> 01:57:23,796 And within it, we have this idea of an intent filter. 2318 01:57:24,386 --> 01:57:29,036 And what this intent filter actually does is it notifies the 2319 01:57:29,036 --> 01:57:32,816 OS what's this activity should actually do and there's variety 2320 01:57:32,816 --> 01:57:34,766 of filters that we can apply to it. 2321 01:57:34,766 --> 01:57:38,506 Perhaps we want to restrict this activity from being open 2322 01:57:38,836 --> 01:57:40,036 in other applications. 2323 01:57:40,036 --> 01:57:41,696 Remember that I mentioned that we can task, 2324 01:57:41,696 --> 01:57:45,026 we can have other applications request in activity. 2325 01:57:45,696 --> 01:57:47,616 We can explicitly disallow or allow 2326 01:57:47,616 --> 01:57:51,446 that with this intent filters but also we apply these 2327 01:57:51,446 --> 01:57:55,396 to elements to this intent filter telling the OS 2328 01:57:55,396 --> 01:57:58,796 that this is the main activity and this is the one 2329 01:57:58,796 --> 01:58:01,106 that I launched on boot. 2330 01:58:01,386 --> 01:58:04,976 Or on boot is opening the application itself. 2331 01:58:05,506 --> 01:58:08,176 And so really there's no main method that is 2332 01:58:08,176 --> 01:58:11,666 because we've hold the Android OS that we have this activity 2333 01:58:11,666 --> 01:58:14,386 and this is the one that we want to run. 2334 01:58:15,626 --> 01:58:17,486 Now, the activity itself-- excuse me-- 2335 01:58:17,486 --> 01:58:21,236 the activity itself goes through a life cycles of sorts. 2336 01:58:21,236 --> 01:58:24,796 There're a variety of methods that allow you to run some code 2337 01:58:24,796 --> 01:58:28,066 when the activity is first been called upon to actually open 2338 01:58:28,436 --> 01:58:30,686 and then things have been rendered on the screen 2339 01:58:30,686 --> 01:58:33,046 and then it's finally ready for use by the user. 2340 01:58:33,256 --> 01:58:37,086 We're going to ignore a lot of those for now and I'll defer 2341 01:58:37,086 --> 01:58:39,286 to the Android documentation for you 2342 01:58:39,286 --> 01:58:40,576 to get more information on that. 2343 01:58:41,806 --> 01:58:46,336 But now we can take a look again at our HelloWorld code 2344 01:58:46,796 --> 01:58:49,336 and realize how this is actually working. 2345 01:58:49,626 --> 01:58:51,256 We have a public class Code One. 2346 01:58:51,306 --> 01:58:55,306 This is just the class for this one activity, extends activity 2347 01:58:55,306 --> 01:58:58,676 because this is in fact an object of type activity. 2348 01:58:58,676 --> 01:59:01,226 I actually want to create some code that launches activity 2349 01:59:01,226 --> 01:59:03,046 and display something to the user. 2350 01:59:03,736 --> 01:59:07,326 And within that we have this one method on create. 2351 01:59:08,126 --> 01:59:10,206 This method is invoked by the OS 2352 01:59:10,206 --> 01:59:14,306 within this activity object whenever this activity is 2353 01:59:14,306 --> 01:59:15,116 about to be started. 2354 01:59:15,316 --> 01:59:18,426 Let's say, "OK, I am about to display this activity 2355 01:59:18,426 --> 01:59:21,686 so I'm going to create it and display it on the screen. 2356 01:59:21,686 --> 01:59:22,646 What do you want me to do?" 2357 01:59:22,646 --> 01:59:24,376 It's asking this code, 2358 01:59:24,376 --> 01:59:26,516 and by asking means invoking this method, 2359 01:59:26,736 --> 01:59:32,046 which allows our code to actually create the layout 2360 01:59:32,976 --> 01:59:34,936 and apply a layout on to this activity 2361 01:59:34,936 --> 01:59:36,766 and then display it to the user. 2362 01:59:37,926 --> 01:59:43,036 So, the next few lines-- this super.uncreate, we just have 2363 01:59:43,036 --> 01:59:45,506 to make sure that we actually invoked the act-- 2364 01:59:45,886 --> 01:59:49,346 the main activity classes on create method just 2365 01:59:49,346 --> 01:59:50,406 to do any house cleaning, 2366 01:59:50,406 --> 01:59:52,646 otherwise you will get a very nasty error 2367 01:59:52,716 --> 01:59:56,976 from the Android plug-in or from the SDK when you do this. 2368 01:59:57,436 --> 01:59:59,946 And then programatically we are actually going 2369 01:59:59,946 --> 02:00:03,926 to create a TextView that says some text. 2370 02:00:04,286 --> 02:00:06,056 We're going to create a TextView object. 2371 02:00:06,056 --> 02:00:09,856 It's just basically instantiated in this first highlighted line. 2372 02:00:10,226 --> 02:00:11,846 Next, we're going to set the text 2373 02:00:12,066 --> 02:00:13,696 to be displayed by this TextView. 2374 02:00:14,086 --> 02:00:16,146 And then, we are going to set the content view 2375 02:00:16,146 --> 02:00:19,426 which is the content displayed within this activity. 2376 02:00:19,426 --> 02:00:23,916 So, this is not necessarily a mysterious function call. 2377 02:00:24,116 --> 02:00:26,386 This is actually a function call that's implemented 2378 02:00:26,386 --> 02:00:30,586 by the Android activity class that allows us 2379 02:00:30,586 --> 02:00:33,396 to set the layout for this activity. 2380 02:00:34,036 --> 02:00:36,116 It's basically the layout for this activity will be what? 2381 02:00:36,506 --> 02:00:39,396 Any guess? 2382 02:00:39,616 --> 02:00:41,936 This based on this code. 2383 02:00:42,516 --> 02:00:47,496 [ Pause ] 2384 02:00:47,996 --> 02:00:48,096 Yeah. 2385 02:00:49,016 --> 02:00:50,636 [ Inaudible Remark ] 2386 02:00:50,636 --> 02:00:51,466 That's right. 2387 02:00:51,466 --> 02:00:55,016 So, all-- the only thing that will be on the screen, 2388 02:00:55,016 --> 02:00:56,696 when we actually run this activity, 2389 02:00:56,906 --> 02:00:58,176 will just be a TextView. 2390 02:00:58,546 --> 02:01:00,826 But that TextView itself is invisible. 2391 02:01:00,826 --> 02:01:02,316 We don't actually see its bounds. 2392 02:01:02,316 --> 02:01:04,076 We just see the text that's contained within it 2393 02:01:04,436 --> 02:01:06,696 so we should expect to see the text, oh high. 2394 02:01:07,596 --> 02:01:09,736 You know, there's some logging capabilities stuff down here 2395 02:01:10,066 --> 02:01:11,526 which if we have a little bit more time, 2396 02:01:11,896 --> 02:01:16,656 I would explain is very useful for us to actually get messages 2397 02:01:16,656 --> 02:01:20,756 from our code back in to this really cool, little section 2398 02:01:20,756 --> 02:01:23,516 down here, log caps which allows you to actually run. 2399 02:01:23,516 --> 02:01:27,906 It's sort of a consul-like way of actually being able to look 2400 02:01:27,976 --> 02:01:29,906 at errors from your activity. 2401 02:01:29,906 --> 02:01:32,126 In fact, you can see, it says, "This is an error," 2402 02:01:32,546 --> 02:01:36,936 which [inaudible] or which replicates what we see here is a 2403 02:01:36,936 --> 02:01:39,376 very good for debugging in the Android world. 2404 02:01:40,216 --> 02:01:43,956 But if I actually run this code, this is what we would see. 2405 02:01:45,266 --> 02:01:48,366 So, very much like in Xcode how you have an emulator for iOS, 2406 02:01:48,366 --> 02:01:52,596 you have an emulator for Android devices as well. 2407 02:01:53,486 --> 02:01:55,466 So, what's cool about this is 2408 02:01:55,466 --> 02:01:58,546 that this is actually an emulator, the Android device, 2409 02:01:58,546 --> 02:02:02,196 since so I can go to the-- I can't see the-- 2410 02:02:02,196 --> 02:02:04,766 oh, we've been bitten by the resolution bug. 2411 02:02:05,056 --> 02:02:07,566 There's some buttons down here that allow me to go 2412 02:02:07,566 --> 02:02:09,366 to the home screen and we can sort of play 2413 02:02:09,366 --> 02:02:11,926 around with this version of the Android device. 2414 02:02:11,926 --> 02:02:13,526 But personally, it's cutoff. 2415 02:02:13,526 --> 02:02:15,166 So, rest assured, it's there. 2416 02:02:15,266 --> 02:02:17,346 You can click on it, but not right now. 2417 02:02:17,766 --> 02:02:21,296 But what this allows us to is our HelloWorld application. 2418 02:02:21,606 --> 02:02:23,896 We have here our activity which takes 2419 02:02:23,896 --> 02:02:25,236 up the entirety of the screen. 2420 02:02:25,666 --> 02:02:27,136 By default, the theme was black. 2421 02:02:27,336 --> 02:02:30,356 We didn't get to see that, but it's elsewhere actually in-- 2422 02:02:30,516 --> 02:02:33,556 within the package itself. 2423 02:02:33,866 --> 02:02:34,996 We have our one TextView, 2424 02:02:34,996 --> 02:02:36,446 this is our text, and that's about it. 2425 02:02:36,746 --> 02:02:40,016 Up here, this is just a title bar for the application itself. 2426 02:02:40,136 --> 02:02:43,356 It's a little confusing at first when expect to only see this 2427 02:02:43,356 --> 02:02:47,506 and you also see the title of the application but realize 2428 02:02:47,866 --> 02:02:50,866 that that is actually just the Android OS displaying a little 2429 02:02:50,866 --> 02:02:52,746 title above the application itself. 2430 02:02:52,746 --> 02:02:56,726 We could give a flag in the manifest that would request 2431 02:02:56,726 --> 02:02:59,366 that this activity become full screen and hide everything. 2432 02:02:59,636 --> 02:03:00,716 We haven't set that flag. 2433 02:03:00,716 --> 02:03:03,416 We've just done a very simple manifest file here. 2434 02:03:03,646 --> 02:03:07,816 And of course, we have our systemwide status bar 2435 02:03:07,816 --> 02:03:09,336 at the very top here. 2436 02:03:10,696 --> 02:03:12,046 Now, there're few other things that I want 2437 02:03:12,046 --> 02:03:13,406 to show you about this. 2438 02:03:13,976 --> 02:03:17,086 I'm going to make a few of these activities available 2439 02:03:17,086 --> 02:03:18,626 in the source code for you to download 2440 02:03:18,626 --> 02:03:19,736 and actually play around with. 2441 02:03:19,896 --> 02:03:21,486 We don't really have a lot of time to go through them. 2442 02:03:21,486 --> 02:03:23,976 But hopefully, if you just go through them on in a time, 2443 02:03:24,476 --> 02:03:27,826 they'll progress in such a way that you will be able 2444 02:03:27,856 --> 02:03:29,346 to hopefully start following along 2445 02:03:29,346 --> 02:03:32,356 as we make slightly more complicated layouts, 2446 02:03:32,626 --> 02:03:34,876 start adding second activities 2447 02:03:34,876 --> 02:03:37,196 and start doing other things with the Android OS. 2448 02:03:37,476 --> 02:03:39,086 But there're a couple of things that I want 2449 02:03:39,086 --> 02:03:41,016 to point about the SDK itself. 2450 02:03:41,596 --> 02:03:44,756 One of them is that this IDE again is Eclipse. 2451 02:03:45,016 --> 02:03:47,276 This is not written by Google but is 2452 02:03:47,276 --> 02:03:49,666 in fact is a larger open source project. 2453 02:03:49,666 --> 02:03:51,696 If you already have Eclipse downloaded 2454 02:03:51,696 --> 02:03:55,536 because you do development in other languages or even in Java, 2455 02:03:55,766 --> 02:03:57,236 you can actually download the SDK 2456 02:03:57,236 --> 02:03:58,816 without including the IDE itself. 2457 02:03:58,816 --> 02:04:03,866 You can just download the SDK to plug-in and follow some steps 2458 02:04:03,866 --> 02:04:06,006 on the developer website to get all of that working 2459 02:04:06,276 --> 02:04:08,236 in your own version of Eclipse 2460 02:04:08,236 --> 02:04:09,286 which you might have already installed. 2461 02:04:09,286 --> 02:04:12,026 But if you don't have installed already, don't worry about it, 2462 02:04:12,026 --> 02:04:14,606 you can just download everything and work out of the box. 2463 02:04:15,176 --> 02:04:19,126 Once you have everything set up though, if you go to this menu, 2464 02:04:19,126 --> 02:04:21,936 the Window menu, you'll notice that you have a couple 2465 02:04:21,936 --> 02:04:23,596 of new Android options. 2466 02:04:23,596 --> 02:04:25,416 And I'll zoom in here so that you can see them. 2467 02:04:25,946 --> 02:04:27,836 You have Android as the key manager, 2468 02:04:27,836 --> 02:04:29,466 Android virtual device manager 2469 02:04:29,976 --> 02:04:33,966 and Android lint which is a checker. 2470 02:04:34,446 --> 02:04:36,766 But, it's these two that we are worried about now, 2471 02:04:36,766 --> 02:04:38,976 the SDK manager and the virtual device manager. 2472 02:04:39,236 --> 02:04:42,166 The SDK manager allows you 2473 02:04:42,166 --> 02:04:45,226 to download different versions of the SDK. 2474 02:04:45,576 --> 02:04:48,486 So, if you want to build an application 2475 02:04:48,726 --> 02:04:52,006 against a specific API number, you have to make sure 2476 02:04:52,006 --> 02:04:55,276 that you have downloaded that SDK. 2477 02:04:55,276 --> 02:04:56,796 So, if you download all of this, this is going 2478 02:04:56,796 --> 02:04:57,896 to take of a lot of space. 2479 02:04:57,896 --> 02:04:59,506 It's several gigabytes with-- 2480 02:04:59,876 --> 02:05:02,086 of information that has to be downloaded on to your computer. 2481 02:05:02,086 --> 02:05:04,796 But then you could compile your application against anyone 2482 02:05:05,186 --> 02:05:10,026 of these API targets and it will work just fine. 2483 02:05:10,456 --> 02:05:13,336 In this case because I had set the-- 2484 02:05:13,336 --> 02:05:17,696 in the manifest file the minimum SDK version-- oops-- 2485 02:05:17,906 --> 02:05:20,016 of 3 as we can see here. 2486 02:05:21,176 --> 02:05:24,626 Let's make sure that I in fact have that version installed. 2487 02:05:24,626 --> 02:05:29,286 And as you can see, Android 1.5 which is an API level of 3, 2488 02:05:29,286 --> 02:05:31,006 so realized that there're two different versions. 2489 02:05:31,486 --> 02:05:36,216 The public facing version is the string Android 1.5, 2490 02:05:36,216 --> 02:05:39,656 but the API level is in always incrementing integer 2491 02:05:39,656 --> 02:05:43,186 which started at one basically that earliest version 2492 02:05:43,186 --> 02:05:45,546 that was released through consumers was API Level 3 2493 02:05:45,546 --> 02:05:49,216 and it just has been going up ever since then. 2494 02:05:49,626 --> 02:05:52,306 So, here, we can see that I in fact have the SDK platform 2495 02:05:52,306 --> 02:05:54,076 and the APIs installed. 2496 02:05:54,076 --> 02:05:55,546 You can do that on your own 2497 02:05:55,546 --> 02:05:57,306 for whatever version you want to run. 2498 02:05:57,306 --> 02:06:00,266 But the for more fun one, I would say, 2499 02:06:00,676 --> 02:06:03,446 is the virtual device manager which allows you 2500 02:06:03,686 --> 02:06:08,016 to create virtual devices, emulated devices in just 2501 02:06:08,016 --> 02:06:10,796 about any configuration that you can imagine. 2502 02:06:10,796 --> 02:06:14,386 So, if we were to create a new device here, what this is going 2503 02:06:14,386 --> 02:06:17,856 to allow us to do is to create a new emulator of sorts 2504 02:06:18,296 --> 02:06:20,926 that replicates certain features of a device. 2505 02:06:21,066 --> 02:06:23,646 So, we can specify a variety of things. 2506 02:06:23,876 --> 02:06:24,756 We can give it a name. 2507 02:06:24,816 --> 02:06:28,476 So I'll just say Android 2.4 just for example. 2508 02:06:28,816 --> 02:06:32,076 Now, we can see here that when I click on device, we have a list 2509 02:06:32,076 --> 02:06:34,636 of different device sizes. 2510 02:06:35,656 --> 02:06:38,926 Pick your Poison, it goes all the way from the Nexus 10 2511 02:06:38,926 --> 02:06:43,266 which has an enormous 10 inches screen all the way down to some 2512 02:06:43,346 --> 02:06:47,976 of the earliest Android devices including a 240 by 320 screen. 2513 02:06:48,836 --> 02:06:49,626 It's pretty small. 2514 02:06:49,746 --> 02:06:54,116 We can select any of these and actually create emulators 2515 02:06:54,116 --> 02:06:56,726 that you can actually test your application 2516 02:06:56,726 --> 02:06:58,066 across the wide variety 2517 02:06:58,066 --> 02:06:59,676 of devices before you even release it 2518 02:06:59,676 --> 02:07:01,066 to the Google Play Store. 2519 02:07:01,066 --> 02:07:04,616 I'm just going to [inaudible] so I connect Nexus 10. 2520 02:07:05,346 --> 02:07:06,916 I can select the target. 2521 02:07:06,916 --> 02:07:09,516 So, this is the API, this is-- 2522 02:07:09,516 --> 02:07:11,726 basically, the OS version that this should run 2523 02:07:11,806 --> 02:07:14,036 that this hardware device should run. 2524 02:07:14,356 --> 02:07:17,636 Now, it is possible for you to get yourself into trouble here 2525 02:07:17,876 --> 02:07:21,076 and run an ancient version of a target on a new device 2526 02:07:21,076 --> 02:07:23,156 that would not ever have that installed. 2527 02:07:23,646 --> 02:07:25,426 So, you have to sort of be careful here 2528 02:07:25,426 --> 02:07:28,426 that you select ones that would make sense for that. 2529 02:07:29,326 --> 02:07:31,816 Sometimes, you get the ability to change the CPU if there's 2530 02:07:31,816 --> 02:07:34,316 in fact an option between ARM and Intel. 2531 02:07:34,616 --> 02:07:36,936 Hardware keyboard would be emulating 2532 02:07:36,936 --> 02:07:39,906 and actual hardware keyboard on this device, 2533 02:07:40,596 --> 02:07:42,836 hopefully the rest are somewhat self-explanatory. 2534 02:07:42,836 --> 02:07:44,906 You do-- would get to set things like the RAM size, 2535 02:07:45,356 --> 02:07:47,536 the amounts of heap that your virtual machine would have 2536 02:07:47,856 --> 02:07:51,556 for this application, the amount of internal storage 2537 02:07:51,556 --> 02:07:54,536 if that device actually has to emulate an SD card. 2538 02:07:55,276 --> 02:07:57,296 And notice a couple of options down here, 2539 02:07:57,296 --> 02:08:02,176 snapshots which if you've used virtualization software 2540 02:08:02,176 --> 02:08:05,096 elsewhere like VMware or Parallels or any sort of thing, 2541 02:08:05,096 --> 02:08:07,886 we actually close that virtualized window. 2542 02:08:08,176 --> 02:08:10,306 It saves the state of the memory and will allow you 2543 02:08:10,306 --> 02:08:11,486 to restart it from there. 2544 02:08:11,736 --> 02:08:14,566 Similar thing here with snapshots, 2545 02:08:14,776 --> 02:08:18,246 you can actually save the state between times that you close 2546 02:08:18,246 --> 02:08:22,306 and then we open the emulator which is pretty good 2547 02:08:22,306 --> 02:08:23,586 because sometimes, it takes a while 2548 02:08:23,586 --> 02:08:25,196 for this emulators to load. 2549 02:08:25,516 --> 02:08:32,976 And, they now have also hardware accelerated GPU which is great 2550 02:08:33,096 --> 02:08:35,106 because before was software 2551 02:08:35,106 --> 02:08:37,176 and it was just-- it was jut the worst. 2552 02:08:37,176 --> 02:08:37,856 It's so slow. 2553 02:08:38,546 --> 02:08:39,906 OK, so you can create one of these 2554 02:08:39,906 --> 02:08:41,586 and you can have actually a variety of them. 2555 02:08:41,846 --> 02:08:43,846 Now, in order for you test your application 2556 02:08:43,846 --> 02:08:47,386 on an emulated device, you have to first-- here's the steps, 2557 02:08:47,756 --> 02:08:50,196 make sure that you download-- oops-- 2558 02:08:50,676 --> 02:08:54,146 make sure that you download the appropriate SDK and SDK manager 2559 02:08:54,146 --> 02:08:58,186 and then create a virtual device in the virtual device manager. 2560 02:08:58,576 --> 02:09:02,166 Then you have an emulator that you can actually run. 2561 02:09:02,166 --> 02:09:06,196 So, in this case, I actually have my Android 2.3.3 running, 2562 02:09:06,196 --> 02:09:07,246 as you can see right here. 2563 02:09:07,246 --> 02:09:11,976 So, I'm emulating an Android 2.3.3 device in this emulator. 2564 02:09:12,426 --> 02:09:14,986 There're a couple more things I want to point out. 2565 02:09:14,986 --> 02:09:16,556 One of them is that there's this number 2566 02:09:16,746 --> 02:09:20,366 to the left of the name, 5554. 2567 02:09:20,456 --> 02:09:21,756 Now, this is pretty cool. 2568 02:09:21,756 --> 02:09:27,376 What this allows us to do is to log 2569 02:09:27,376 --> 02:09:31,406 in to the emulated device from our computer. 2570 02:09:31,406 --> 02:09:35,306 So, in this case, I can open up a terminal Window. 2571 02:09:35,306 --> 02:09:38,126 Type in "Telnet localhost" and then that port number. 2572 02:09:38,126 --> 02:09:41,316 That number actually coincides with the port that's running 2573 02:09:41,526 --> 02:09:44,326 within our computer or within the emulator 2574 02:09:44,326 --> 02:09:46,016 and is exposed to our computer. 2575 02:09:46,306 --> 02:09:49,456 When I hit Enter, notice that I connect to this emulator 2576 02:09:49,456 --> 02:09:51,456 and this is something that you can really only do 2577 02:09:51,456 --> 02:09:52,736 to the emulated devices. 2578 02:09:53,166 --> 02:09:56,766 Now, you can type "help" and you actually get a variety 2579 02:09:56,766 --> 02:09:57,976 of things that you can do. 2580 02:09:58,056 --> 02:10:03,466 So, you can actually force the emulator to change its state. 2581 02:10:03,466 --> 02:10:05,446 And there are variety of interesting ways. 2582 02:10:05,656 --> 02:10:09,166 You can have, for example, it follows a set of GeoTracks 2583 02:10:09,166 --> 02:10:12,826 or maybe your application is actually really dependent 2584 02:10:12,826 --> 02:10:13,916 on geolocation. 2585 02:10:13,916 --> 02:10:15,566 So, you could actually provide it some GeoTracks 2586 02:10:15,566 --> 02:10:21,986 and observe how your application reacts as the phone is not taken 2587 02:10:21,986 --> 02:10:24,666 in a physical sense but it's taken in a-- 2588 02:10:25,746 --> 02:10:29,406 in an emulated sense though that geolocation track. 2589 02:10:29,726 --> 02:10:32,936 You can also do a variety of things like what happens 2590 02:10:33,216 --> 02:10:36,926 when I changed the network settings on it and say 2591 02:10:36,926 --> 02:10:40,476 that the user loses cellphone signal and they only have WiFi 2592 02:10:40,476 --> 02:10:43,396 or vice versa, how does my application actually react 2593 02:10:43,396 --> 02:10:45,546 to any of this-- to all this sorts of things. 2594 02:10:45,806 --> 02:10:50,326 You can also send the emulator an SMS, just pretty funny. 2595 02:10:50,326 --> 02:10:52,866 But it is actually useful especially 2596 02:10:52,866 --> 02:10:55,006 if you are creating an application that is relevant 2597 02:10:55,006 --> 02:10:57,446 to that, a variety of other things as you can see here. 2598 02:10:58,886 --> 02:11:01,746 Now, one of the really neat things here is 2599 02:11:01,746 --> 02:11:05,016 that if you have an Android device 2600 02:11:05,106 --> 02:11:07,366 and you are doing Android development, you can plug 2601 02:11:07,366 --> 02:11:13,046 in that device using USB to your computer and you will be able 2602 02:11:13,046 --> 02:11:15,056 to develop directly on to that device. 2603 02:11:15,056 --> 02:11:17,806 You might actually have to check all, check a few a settings 2604 02:11:17,866 --> 02:11:21,726 in the developer menu that says allow development, mode, 2605 02:11:21,726 --> 02:11:22,536 and some other things. 2606 02:11:22,906 --> 02:11:26,246 But what this essentially allows you to do really without having 2607 02:11:26,246 --> 02:11:28,496 to deal with any certificates or any or anything like that is 2608 02:11:28,496 --> 02:11:32,376 that you can very quickly and easily connect an Android device 2609 02:11:32,376 --> 02:11:35,586 to your computer and try your program not only 2610 02:11:35,586 --> 02:11:39,176 on an emulated virtual device, but also on your physical phone 2611 02:11:39,416 --> 02:11:41,286 or physical tablet as well. 2612 02:11:41,286 --> 02:11:46,436 And can you also run, you can also connect to it 2613 02:11:46,436 --> 02:11:49,506 and run a variety of commands. 2614 02:11:49,506 --> 02:11:51,746 It's really limited in these physical devices 2615 02:11:51,746 --> 02:11:53,046 because you don't have root access 2616 02:11:53,046 --> 02:11:56,136 to the file system unless you have actually rooted the device 2617 02:11:56,216 --> 02:11:58,546 which is an entirely different issue. 2618 02:11:58,546 --> 02:12:04,086 But even though that is an option, it's probably better 2619 02:12:04,086 --> 02:12:07,006 to test this out on an emulated device and see how it behaves 2620 02:12:07,006 --> 02:12:09,916 on the physical one, but then it certainly an option 2621 02:12:09,916 --> 02:12:11,526 for you there as well. 2622 02:12:12,086 --> 02:12:16,626 And one of the great things about the Android SDK very much 2623 02:12:16,626 --> 02:12:21,166 like the iOS, the iOS development in Xcode is 2624 02:12:21,166 --> 02:12:23,536 that once you understand these simple principles, 2625 02:12:23,536 --> 02:12:27,136 once you've understand Java, once you understand how 2626 02:12:27,136 --> 02:12:31,576 and APK is built and what its hierarchy 2627 02:12:31,576 --> 02:12:34,876 of files actually looks like, becomes very easy for you 2628 02:12:34,876 --> 02:12:38,046 to look up the APIs that are given to you 2629 02:12:38,046 --> 02:12:42,706 in the API documentation and quickly make an application 2630 02:12:42,706 --> 02:12:43,786 that you would want to run 2631 02:12:43,786 --> 02:12:46,246 or that you would want to deploy to users. 2632 02:12:46,576 --> 02:12:52,906 And so, hopefully then, this has been a good summary 2633 02:12:52,906 --> 02:12:54,656 of how you can actually get started with it. 2634 02:12:55,106 --> 02:12:57,366 So, if you are interested in this, go ahead and go 2635 02:12:57,366 --> 02:13:02,506 to the developer website, download the SDK and get started 2636 02:13:02,506 --> 02:13:03,966 on Android development. 2637 02:13:04,306 --> 02:13:06,136 And until then, I want to thank you very much. 2638 02:13:06,216 --> 02:13:08,756 I think David has couple of last words. 2639 02:13:09,136 --> 02:13:11,516 But that you ought for you time. 2640 02:13:12,516 --> 02:13:17,016 [ Applause ] 2641 02:13:17,516 --> 02:13:18,376 >> [Inaudible] Dan and Rob. 2642 02:13:18,446 --> 02:13:19,636 We [inaudible] like for a couple minutes 2643 02:13:19,676 --> 02:13:21,096 for one-on-one questions, otherwise, 2644 02:13:21,096 --> 02:13:22,666 we post it all resources from tonight. 2645 02:13:22,766 --> 02:13:25,406 The course's website on Wednesday, 2646 02:13:25,436 --> 02:13:27,026 [inaudible] we're going to dive some more 2647 02:13:27,026 --> 02:13:27,846 in advance, iOS [inaudible]. 2648 02:13:27,846 --> 02:13:30,146 In Wednesday, we will gather for one last time 2649 02:13:30,606 --> 02:13:32,976 for [inaudible] app, so we will see you then. 2650 02:13:33,516 --> 02:13:40,030 [ Noise ]